KAJIAN KRITIS TERHADAP PEMIKIRAN TENTANG JIWA (AL-NAFS) DALAM FILSAFAT ISLAM
Keywords:
Critical Studies, Thought, Soul (Al-Nafs), Islamic Philosophy
Abstract
The main problem in this paper is trying to examine or elaborate in depth about the nature and thoughts of Islamic philosophers on the soul (nafs). To answer this problem, the author tries to trace or trace some of the opinions of experts regarding the soul (nafs) in various books or related writings in order to obtain a more in-depth and accurate understanding. The results of the study of this paper show that the essence of the soul (nafs) comes from the substance of God which has its own form and is different from the body (jism). But cannot be separated. He is like the sun with its light. The soul created by God is different from the body and both have their own form. However, between body and soul both must be considered because they both need food. The soul needs spiritual nourishment, thinking, learning, and so on. While the body (jism) requires food, drink, exercise, sex, rest and so on. The soul (nafs) is something that is very essential and has an effect on humans. Therefore, the soul (nafs) must be trained in such a way so that it can become good, healthy, live and even become holy.
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References
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Abū Rīdah, Muḥammad ‘Abd al-Hādī, Tarikh al-Falsafah fī al-Islām, Kairo: Lajnah al-Ta’līf wa al-Tarjamah wa al-Nasyr, 1948.
Al-Ahwāni, Aḥmad Fu’ād, Al-Falsafah al-Islāmiyah, t. tp: t.p, 1987.
Al-Akili, Muhammad M, Ibn Seerin’s Dictionary of Dreams According to Islam Inner Traditional, USA: Pearl Publishing House, t. th.
Ali, Yunasril, Perkembangan Pemikir Falsafah dalam Islam, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 1991.
Al-Ashfahāniy, Al-Rāgib, Mufradāt al-Fādz al-Qur’ān, Cet. I; Bairut: al-Dār al-Syāmiyyah, 1992.
Bayūni, ‘Abd al-Mu’ṭī Muḥammad, al-Falsafah al-Islāmiyah min al-Masyriq ila al-Maghrib, Juz I, Mesir: al-Azhar, 1982.
Būr, T.J. De, Tarikh al-Falsafah fi al-Islām, Kairo: al-Majmah Ta’lif wa Tarjamah wa al-Nasyrah, t. th.
Daudy, Ahmad, Kuliah Filsafat Islam, Cet. I; Bulan Bintang, 1986.
Efendi, Mochtar, Ensiklopedi Agama dan Filsafat, Palembang: Universitas Sriwijaya, 2001.
Encyclopedia Internasional, lexicon Publications, 1977.
Fakhry, Majid, A History of Islamic Philosophy, New York: Columbia University Press, 1983.
Al-Faruqi, Ismail R, Lois Lamya Al-Faruqi Atlas Budaya Islam, Bandung: Mizan, 2001.
Glasse, Cyrill, Concise Ensyclopedia of Islam, terj. Gufran A Mas’adi, Ensiklopedi Islam, Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2002.
Hughes, Thomas Patrick, Dictionary of Islam, USA: KAZI Publication Inc, 1994.
Iqbal, Muhammad & Amin Husein Nasution, Pemikiran Politik Islam dari Masa Kelasik Hingga Indonesia Kontemporer, Cet. II; Jakarta; Kencana Prenada Media Group, 2013.
Ismail K Usman, ”Konsep Pendidikan ibn Miskawaih dan ibn Khaldun”, http://media.neliti.com, 20 Desember 2021.
Jumu’ah, Muḥammad Luṭfī, Tarikh Falāsifat al-Islām fī al-Masyriq wa al-Maghrib, Bairut: al-Maktabah al-Ilmiyah, t. th.
Kartanegar, Mulyadi, Mozaik Khazanah Islam; Bunga Rampai dari Chicago, Cet. I, Jakarta: Paramadina, 2000.
Kementerian Agama RI, Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahnya, Jakarta: PT. Sinergi Pustaka Indonesia, 2012
Khuḍair, Ṭāha ‘Abd al-Salām, Falsafah al-Akhlāk ‘Inda Ibn Miskawaih, Th. 1997
Madkour, Ibrahim, ”fî al-Falāsifah al-Islamiyah; Manhaj wa Tathbîqah,” dalam Asmin dan Ahmad Hakim, eds. Filsafat Islam Metode dan Penerapan, Cet. II; Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 1993.
Al-Mahdalī, Muhammad ’Akīl bin ’Alī, Dirasāt fī al-Falsafah al-Islamiyah, Cet. II, al-Qāhirah: Dar al-Hadits, t. th.
Marhaban, Muhammad Abd Rahman, Min falsafat al-Yunahiyah ila Falsafah al-Islamiyah, Bairut: Uwaidah, 2000.
Masruri, Hadi, Ibnu Thufail Jalan Pencerahan Mencari Tuhan, Cet. I; Yogyakarta: LKIS, 2005.
Mubarok, Achmad, Keluarga-Islam Pengertian Kualitas Nafs. https://www, 15 Desember 2021.
Al-Najar, Amir, al-‘Ilmu al-Nafs al-Shufiyah diterjemahkan oleh Hasan abrori dengan judul Ilmu Jiwa dalam Tasawuf; Study Komparatif dengan Ilmu Jiwa Kontemporer, Cet. I; Jakarta: Pustaka Azzam, t. th.
Nasution, Harun, Falsafat dan Mistisisme dalam Islam, Cet. 9; Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1995
Nasution, Hasyimsyah, Filsafat Islam, Cet. I; Jakarta: Radar Jaya Pratama, 1999.
Prince, John, A Dictionary and Glassary of the Koran, India-New Delhi: Cosmo Publication, 1978.
Rahmat, Jalaluddin, Antara Sukma Nurani dan Dhulmani, ”http://Media.Isnet. Org/Islam/Paramadina/Konteks/Nurani/html, 09 Desember 2021.
Reynald A, Nichalson, The Mistic of Islam, Cet. III; London: Rautledge and Kegan Paul, 1974.
Schacht, B. Lewis, CH, Pellat and J, The Encyclopedia of Islam, Cet. II; London: Luzac and CO, 1995.
Shihab, Quraish, Wawasan al-Qur’ān: Tafsir Maudhu’i atas Pelbagai Persoalan Umat, Cet. VI; Bandung: Mizan, 1997.
Al-Syahrastani, Muhammad bin Abdul Karim, diterjemahkan Asywadie Syukur, al-Milal wa al-Nihal, Surabaya: PT. Bina Ilmu, t. th.
Syamsuddin, Ahmad, al-Fārābī; Ḥayātuh, Āsāruh, falsafatuh, Cet. I; Bairut: Dār al-Kutub al-’Ilmiyyah, 1990.
Syeikh, M. Seed, A Dictionary of Muslim Fhilosofhy, Lahore: Institute of Islamic Culture, 1976.
The Encyclopedia Americana, Internasional Edition, USA: Manufactured, 1977.
The Encyclopedia of Philosoph, Cet. I; London, 1472.
Trimingham, J. Spencer, The Sufi Order in Islam, London: Oxford University Press, 1973.
Valiuddin, Mir, Contemplative Disciplines in Sufism deterjemahkan oleh M.S. Nasrullah, Zikir dan Kontemplasi dalam tasawuf , Cet. III; London: Rautledge and Kegan Paul, 1974.
Zakariyah, Abiy al-Husain Ahmad ibn Fāris, Maqāyis al-Lugah, Juz V, t.t.: Dār al-Fikr, t. th.
Zar, Sirajuddin, Filsafat Islam: Filosof dan Filsafatnya, Ed. 1, Cet. 1; Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2010.
Published
2022-07-09
How to Cite
., A. and Iqbal, M. (2022) “KAJIAN KRITIS TERHADAP PEMIKIRAN TENTANG JIWA (AL-NAFS) DALAM FILSAFAT ISLAM ”, Inspiratif Pendidikan, 11(1), pp. 165-184. doi: 10.24252/ip.v11i1.30125.
Section
Artikel
