Alami Journal (Alauddin Islamic Medical) Journal

The Relationship Between Appropriate Use of Antibiotics with Length of Hospitalization and Outcomes in Respiratory Tract Infection Patients

Anisa Lintang — 2025-01-30

Respiratory tract infections occur when germs or bacteria enter the respiratory tract and reproduce, developing symptoms. A significant proportion, around 40-60%, of patients with respiratory tract infections need antibiotic therapy due to the presence of viral and bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance escalates the expenses of medical care, prolongs the duration of hospitalisation, and can elevate the likelihood of death. This study aims to establish the correlation between the utilisation of antibiotics and the duration of hospitalisation and outcomes in patients diagnosed with respiratory tract infections at the Makassar Hajj Hospital from 2021 to 2023. This study employs a quantitative approach and utilises a cross-sectional research methodology. The research sample consisted of 99 respondents diagnosed with respiratory tract infections. The data from their medical records were collected using the purposive sampling technique. The chi-square analysis of the data revealed a significant association between the length of stay and outcomes, with a p-value of less than 0.001. The data indicate a correlation between the use of antibiotics and the duration of hospitalisation and outcomes in patients with respiratory tract infections at the Makassar Hajj Hospital from 2021 to 2023.

Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Placenta Previa at Ananda Mother and Child Hospital, Makassar

Annisa Dwi Kemalahayati — 2025-02-04

Placenta previa is a pregnancy complication that causes bleeding after 20 weeks. Bleeding is the leading cause of maternal deaths, accounting for 28%, so it is essential to identify risk factors of placenta previa. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between maternal age, interdelivery interval, history of caesarean section, and history of abortion with the incidence of placenta previa. This research uses a case-control study with an observational analytic approach. The case group sample was 120 respondents, and the control group was 120. The samples taken were under the inclusion criteria. The research instrument was the mother's medical records at the Ananda Mother and Child Hospital Makassar in 2020-2021. Data were processed with univariate and bivariate tests. Bivariate analysis test results obtained p-value = <0.001 for the relationship between maternal age (OR = 7.828), enter delivery interval (OR = 8.143), history of caesarean section (OR = 4.955) and history of abortion (OR = 3.769), and the incidence of placenta previa. There is a significant relationship between maternal age, interdelivery interval, history of caesarean section, and history of abortion with the incidence of placenta previa at Ananda Mother and Child Hospital Makassar.

The Relationship Between Stress Levels and the Incidence of Primary Dysmenorrhea Among High School Students in Makassar

Rizqi Maulidah — 2025-02-05

Dysmenorrhea is a condition experienced by women during menstruation which causes abdominal pain that interferes with activities. Based on theory, stress can increase the risk of menstrual cramps. A person experiences stress when faced with events or conditions that can harm or interfere with their ability to control them. According to WHO, dysmenorrhea is experienced by 50% of adolescents in every country. This study aims to examine the relationship between stress levels and the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea in female high school students in Makassar. The method used was cross-sectional, with 348 samples selected by purposive sampling. The research measuring tools used were questionnaires: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The research results showed that the majority of samples experienced moderate stress 291 samples (83.6%), moderate dysmenorrhea 211 samples (60.6%), and 176 samples (50.6%) experienced moderate dysmenorrhea with moderate stress. When processing the data using the chi-square test, it was found that p-value=0.005 (p<0.05). This study concludes that there is a relationship between stress levels and the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea among high school students in Makassar.

Controlling Low Birth Weight (LBW) Using the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) Approach at the Makassar City Health Center

Rosdianah Rahim — 2025-02-05

Low Birth Weight (LBW) is a birth weight of less than 2500 grams which is an indicator of a child's growth and development until adulthood and describes the nutritional status obtained by the fetus while in the womb. The community's Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) approach is used to help achieve a common goal in controlling LBW, starting with asset identification, problem analysis, potential planning, implementation, and utilization. The focus of the research was the identification of human resource assets for controlling LBW. This is qualitative research using the ABCD approach with observation and in-depth interviews. The method for choosing informants is snowball sampling in the working area of the Community Health Center in Makassar City in 2022. Based on the ABCD, this study identifies several assets involved in controlling LBW cases at the Community Health Center in Makassar City: Human Assets, namely Health services related to pregnant women's programs such as ANC visits, pregnant women's classes, and knowledge of pregnant women; Social assets, Physical assets, and Economic assets depend on the profession of each resident. These four assets are very supportive to control LBW cases in the Community Health Center in Makassar City.

The Correlation Between Macronutrient Intake and the Number of Commensal Bacteria (Lactobacillus spp. and E. Coli) in the Feces of Pregnant Women

Andi Alifia Ayu Delima — 2025-02-06

Nutritional intake during pregnancy is important for maternal and fetal health, which is influenced by the digestive system and commensal bacteria. Lack of nutritional fulfillment can cause serious complications, such as low birth weight, stunting, and maternal death. Based on Riskesdas 2018, the prevalence of chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women in Indonesia reached 24.4%. This study looked at the correlation between macronutrient intake and the presence of commensal bacteria in the feces of pregnant women. A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 22 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Macronutrient intake data were collected using 24-hour recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Fecal samples were collected independently in sterile containers, stored at 2-8°C, and analyzed in the HUMRC laboratory of Hasanuddin University Hospital using the PCR method, and Kendall's tau correlation test analysis was carried out with SPSS version 25. The results showed that 90.9% of respondents had inadequate carbohydrate intake, 86.3% had insufficient protein intake, and 68.2% had adequate fat intake. A total of 95.4% had energy intake below the recommendation. E. coli was more dominant than Lactobacillus spp. Statistical analysis didn't find a significant correlation between macronutrient intake and the number of commensal bacteria. This study shows the need to improve the nutritional quality of pregnant women and further research to understand the impact of gut microbiota on maternal and fetal health.

Effect of Olive Oil on Fasting Blood Glucose Levels and Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) Levels in Diabetic Rat Models

Darmawansyih — 2025-02-08

Olive oil contains high antioxidants and has been widely studied for its effect on diabetes mellitus (DM). However, no previous research has examined the effect of olive oil on levels of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15), where levels increase in inflammatory conditions. The study aimed to examine the effects of olive oil on body weight, blood glucose levels and GDF-15 levels in type I DM and type II DM. It was an experimental research with a Pre and Post-Test Control Group Design approach using 12 Rattus novergicus divided into three groups: group (I) diabetes control, group II (DM I), and group III (DM II). The results showed significant changes in body weight in the Control and DM II groups before and after treatment (p= 0.028 and p= 0.018). There were significant differences in blood glucose levels in the Control, DM I and DM II groups (p= 0.002; 0.019; 0.034); GDF-15 levels had significant changes only in the DM II group (p= 0.016). The conclusion was that olive oil affects body weight and GDF-15 levels in DM II diabetic model rats and reduces blood glucose levels in diabetic model rats of DM I and DM II.

Correlation Between Lymphocyte Count and CD4+ in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection

Dewi Ratyh Ibrahim — 2025-02-09

CD4+ T cells are a marker for assessing disease progression in HIV infection, but their cost precludes their use in most parts of the world. On the contrary, Total Lymphocyte Count (TLC) can be used as an alternative. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between TLC and CD4+ levels in pediatric HIV patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2022 to June 2022. The study sample consisted of pediatric HIV patients aged >6 weeks to 17 years and 11 months who were treated at Dr Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar from January 2015 to December 2022. Data analysis using SPSS v. 26. The Spearman correlation test was used to determine the correlation of TLC with CD4+. A total of 50 subjects met the inclusion criteria and consisted of 29 (58%) male and 21 (42%) female. The average CD4+ was 423± 642 with a median (min-max) of 127 (1–2,859), and the TLC value showed an average of 2,311±2,360 with a median (min-max) of 1,233 (61–9242). Spearman’s correlation test showed a strong positive correlation between CD4+ cell count and TLC (r=0.775; p<0.001). There is a correlation between TLC and CD4+, so TLC can be used as an additional monitoring indicator of immunodeficiency status to replace CD4+ cells in patients with HIV infection.

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Saphenous Vein Grafting Failure: A Case Report

Sidhi Laksono — 2025-02-09

Bypass graft surgery for coronary arteries is an essential therapy for those diagnosed with multivessel arterial stenosis, particularly in patients with diabetes. Internal thoracic artery grafts are the most suitable choice for revascularizing severe arterial disease due to their durability and longevity. However, complete revascularization is challenging to achieve only with grafts from the artery, which means it requires using saphenous vein grafts (SVGs). Unfortunately, saphenous vein grafts lack the same level of structural integrity, and their malfunction is associated with substantial negative cardiac consequences and higher death rates. In this case, the patient is an 80-year-old male suffering from CABG surgery 13 years prior. He had cold sweats and frequent chest pain that shot up his back. Diabetes, hypertension, and smoking were among his risks. Electrocardiography showed significant ischaemia, and echocardiography indicated mild diastolic dysfunction and impaired left ventricular systolic function with a 48% ejection fraction. Laboratory results indicated increased troponin I production and random blood glucose. After percutaneous coronary intervention and DES implantation into the diagonal saphenous vein grafts, the patient was given beta-blockers, nitrates, and statins as dual antiplatelet treatment.