Vegetasi Tumbuhan pada Kawasan Tepi Hutan Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango yang Berbatasan dengan Kebun Raya Cibodas
Abstract
Cibodas Botanic Garden area is adjacent with natural forest of Mt. Gede Pangrango National Park which consequences both vegetation in the border area are influence each other. The aims of this research were to study plant vegetation of forest area adjacent to Cibodas Botanical Garden and compare it with forest interior using transect method. The results showed that species richness in forest interior were higher than adjacent forest area. Furthermore, number of tree species, basal area and Shannon-Wienner diversity index in forest boundaries were higher rather than forest interior. Habitats along the forest edge were inhabited by trees with large dbh and low tree density. While trees inhibited forest interior areas with high density but small in size. The trees in forest interior were dominated by Schima wallichii, Lithocarpus pallidus and Turpinia sphaerocarpa. While trees in the forest boundary vegetation were dominated by Engelhardtia spicata, Litsea firma and Lithocarpus indutus. The tree age structure of forest interior and forest edge showed an inverted J-pattern and flat pattern respectively. Meanwhile, tree communities on edge forest vegetation showed similar age structure, especially in middle diameter class.
References
Beckage B, Clark JS, Clinton BD, Haines B. L. 2000. A long-term study of tree seedling recruitment in southern Appalachian forests: the effects of canopy gaps and shrub understories. Can. J. For. Res. vol 30(10): 1617–1631. https://doi.org/10.1139/x00-075.
BGCI. 2012. International agenda for Botanic gardens in Conservation. 2nd edition. Richmond UK: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-6196(11)60604-6.
Cadenasso ML, and Pickett STA. 2001. Effect of edge structure on the flux of species into forest interiors. Conservation Biology. vol 15(1): 91–97. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.99309.x.
Cochrane MA, and Laurance WF. 2002. Fire as a large-scale edge effect in Amazonian forests. Journal of Tropical Ecology. vol 18(3): 311–325. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467402002237
Coomes DA, and Allen RB. 2007. Effects of size, competition and altitude on tree growth. Journal of Ecology. vol 95(5): 1084–1097. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2007.01280.x
Forbes S. 2008. How Botanic Gardens Changed the World. The History and Future of Social Innovation Cenference. Adelaide: University of South Australia. pp. 1–4.
Harper KA, Macdonald SE, Burton PJ, Chen J, Brosofske KD, Saunders SC, Euskircehn ES. 2005. Edge influence on forest structure and composition in fragmented landscapes. Conservation Biology. vol 19(3): 768–782. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00045.x.
Hill JL, and Curran PJ. 2003. Area, shape and isolation of tropical forest fragments: Effects on tree species diversity and implications for conservation. Journal of Biogeography. vol 30(9): 1391–1403. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00930.x.
Holway DA. 2005. Edge effects of an invasive species across a natural ecological boundary. Biological Conservation. vol 121(4): 561–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2004.06.005.
Kacholi DS. 2014. Edge-Interior Disparities in Tree Species and Structural Composition of the Kilengwe Forest in Morogoro Region, Tanzania. ISRN Biodiversity. vol 2014: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/873174.
Kark S, Allnutt TF, Levin N, Manne LL, Williams PH. 2007. The role of transitional areas as avian biodiversity centres. Global Ecology and Biogeography. vol 16(2): 187–196. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2006.00274.x.
Kark S, and van Rensburg BJ. 2006. Ecotones: Marginal or Central Areas of Transition? Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution. vol 52(1): 29–53. https://doi.org/10.1560/IJEE.52.1.29.
Krebs JC. 1999. Ecological Methology. 2nd Edition. Menlo Park: Benjamin Cummings.
Meinzer FC. 2003. Functional convergence in plant responses to the environment. Oecologia. vol 134(1): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-1088-0.
Molnár T, Magura T, Tóthmérész B, Elek Z. 2001. Ground beetles (Carabidae) and edge effect in oak-hornbeam forest and grassland transects. European Journal of Soil Biology. vol 37(4): 297–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1164-5563(01)01103-7.
Montgomery RA, and Chazdon RL. 2001. Forest structure, canopy architecture, and light transmittance in tropical wet forests. Ecology. vol 82(10): 2707–2718. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[2707:FSCAAL]2.0.CO;2
Montti L, Campanello PI, Gatti MG, Blundo C, Austin AT, Sala OE, Goldstein G. 2011. Understory bamboo flowering provides a very narrow light window of opportunity for canopy-tree recruitment in a neotropical forest of Misiones, Argentina. Forest Ecology and Management. vol 262(8): 1360–1369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.06.029.
Odum E. 1971. Fundamentals of Ecology. Philadelphia: W.B. Sounders Company Ltd.
Purnawan BI. 2006. Inventarisasi keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan di taman nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango [Skripsi]. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Rambuda TD, and Johnson SD. 2004. Breeding systems of invasive alien plants in South Africa: Does Baker’s rule apply? Diversity and Distributions. vol 10(5–6): 409–416. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1366-9516.2004.00100.x.
Sivaraj B, Vidya C, Nandini S, Sanil R. 2015. Antimicrobial Activity of Cestrum aurantiacum L. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. vol 4(3): 830–834.
Surya MI, Lailati M, Ekasari I, Nurlaeni Y, Astutik S, Normasiwi S, Gumilang AR, Junaedi DI,
Mutaqien Z, Nurdiana DR, Rahman W, Destri, Rozak AH. 2003. Konservasi Tumbuhan di Kebun Raya Cibodas Sebagai Penyelamat Keanekaragaman Hayati Pegunungan di Indonesia. Lokakarya Nasional Kenaekaragaman Hayati Sebagai Modal Dasar Pembanguna. Bogor: Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. hal 1–14.
Syahadat E. 2006. Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kunjungan wisatawan di Taman Nasional Gede Pangrango (TNGP). Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Dan Ekonomi Kehutanan. vol 3(1): 1–14.
Trombulak SC, and Frissell CA. 2000. Review of ecological effects of roads on terrestrial and aquatic communities. Conservation Biology. vol 14(1): 18–30. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.99084.x.
Turner NJ, Davidson-Hunt IJ, O’Flaherty M. 2003. Living on the edge: Ecological and cultural edges as sources of diversity for social-ecological resilience. Human Ecology. vol 31(3): 439–461.https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025023906459.
van Steenis CGG. 2006. Flora pegunungan Jawa. Bogor: Pusat Penelitian Biologi, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI).
Copyright (c) 2018 Musyarofah Zuhri, Zaenal Mutaqien, Dian R Nurdiana, Destri Destri, Nudin Nudin, Djuanda Djuanda
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE STATEMENT
COPYRIGHT
Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license. Authors hold the copyright and retain publishing rights without restriction to their work. Users may read, download, copy, distribute, and print the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
LICENSE TO PUBLISH
1. License
The use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.
2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, the users are free to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute and/or copy the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as the original authors and source are cited. No permission is required from the authors or the publishers.
4. Co-Authorship
If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the corresponding author warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this statement.
5. Miscellaneous
Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, and usage that it deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers.