Percentage of Carcass and Internal Organs of Japanese Quail After Given Organic Feed
Abstract
Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) is one of the livestock sectors that is efficient in providing nutrition, both from eggs and meat. This study aims to examine the effect of the provision of standard organic feed and organic feed containing cassava leaves, turmeric powder and ginger on increasing the percentage of carcasses and internal organs Japanese quail. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design pattern. The test animals used were 30 females Japanese quail which were divided into 3 groups, i.e. P0: control (given commercial feed); P1: given standard organic feed (corn, soybeans, bran and fish meal); P2: given organic feed (corn, soybeans, bran, fish meal, cassava leaves, turmeric, and ginger powder). Each group was treated with 5 replications. Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan test with a confidence of 95% (P>0.05). The results showed that the provision of organic feed could not increase the percentage of carcass, heart, and liver, but could increase the percentage of Japanese quail gizzard.
References
Alsuhendra. 2004. Daya anti-aterosklerosis zn-turunan klorofil dari daun singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) pada kelinci percobaan. [Disertasi]. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Arifin HD, and Widiastuti R. 2016. Persentase karkas dan giblet burung puyuh pengaruh supplementasi protein dan serat kasar tepung daun mengkudu dalam pakan komersial BP1O4. Journal of Animal Science and Agronomy Panca Budi. vol 1(2): 1–7.
Asmawati P. 2015. Pengaruh penambahan tepung limbah penetasan telur ayam pada pakan terhadap persentase karkas dan persentase giblet burung puyuh (Coturnix-coturnix japonica). Fakultas Peternakan. [Tesis]. Malang: Universitas Brawijaya.
Basri H, Saraswati TR, Isdadiyanto S. (2018). Hematological status of rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) in the lactation period after giving supplements organic quail eggs. Internasional Journal of Biological Research. vol 6(1): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijbr.v6i1.9181.
Chattopadhyay I, Biswa K, Bandyopadhyay U and Banerjee RK. 2004. Turmeric and Curcumin: biological action and medicinal applications. Review Article. Current Science, 87(1): 44–53.
Dharmawati S, and Ari JK. 2012. Pengaruh penggunaan tepung daun alang alang (Imperata cylindrica) dalam ransum terhadap kadar lemak, kolesterol karkas dan organ pencernaan itik Alabio jantan. Ziaraa’ah. vol 34(2): 150–160.
Dudusola IO. 2010. Comparative evaluation of internal and external qualities of eggs from quail and guinea fowl. International Research Journal of Plant Science. vol 1(5): 112–115.
Engberg RM, Hedemann MS, Jensen BB. 2010. The influence of grinding and pelleting of feed on the microbial composition and activity in the digestive tract of broiler chickens. British Poultry Science. vol 43(4): 569–579. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/0007166022000004480.
Fatrah H, Handarini R, Dihansih E. 2018. Persentase karkas dan giblet burung puyuh (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) jantan umur 35 hari yang diberi larutan daun kelor. Jurnal Pertanian, 4(2): 107–114. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jpnu.v4i2.1542.
Fouad AM, and El-Senousey HK. 2014. Nutritional factors affecting abdominal fat deposition in poultry: A Review. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. vol 27(7): 1057–1068. doi: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13702.
Gecgel U, Yilmaz I, Gurcan EK, Karasu S, Dulger GC. 2015. Comparison of fatty acid composition between female and male Japanese quail meats. Journal of Chemistry. vol 2015: 1–8 doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/569746.
Greiner SP, Rouse GH, Wilson DE, Cundiff LV, Wheeler TL. 2003. Accuracy of predicting weight and percentage of beef carcass retail product using ultrasound and live animal measures. Journal of Animal Science. vol 81(2): 466–473. doi: https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.812466x.
Gu X, and Manautou JE. 2012. Molecular mechanisms underlying chemical liver injury. Expert reviews in molecular medicine. vol 14(2012): 1–35. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1462399411002110.
Hamdani K, Harahap MF, Hasibuan M. 2017. Pemberian tepung daun lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) pada ransum terhadap karkas burung puyuh (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Jurnal Peternakan. vol 1(02): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31604/jac.v1i2.240.
Harmono and Andoko A. 2005. Budidaya dan peluang bisnis jahe. Jakarta: Agromedia Pustaka.
Jeke A, Phiri C, Chitindingu K, Taru P. 2018. Ethnomedicinal use and pharmacological potential of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) birds meat and eggs, and its potential implications on wild quail conservation in Zimbabwe: A review. Cogent Food & Agriculture. vol 4(1): 1–12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2018.1507305.
Karaoglu M, and Durdag H. 2005. The influence of dietary probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation and different slaughter age on the performance, slaughter and carcass properties of broilers. International Journal of Poultry Science. vol 4(5): 309–316.
Karin M, and Dhar D. 2016. Liver carcinogenesis: from naughty chemicals to soothing fat and the surprising role of NRF2. Carcinogenesis. vol 37(6): 541–546. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgw060.
Lanfer-Marquez UM, Barros RMC, Sinnecker P. 2005. Antioxidant activity of chlorophylls and their derivates. Food Research International. vol 38 (8–9): 885-891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2005.02.012.
Latorre MA, Lázaro R, Valencia DG, Medel P, Mateos GG. 2004. The effects of gender and slaughter weight on the growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality characteristics of heavy pigs. Journal of animal science. vol 82(2): 526–533. doi: https://doi.org/10.2527/2004.822526x.
Lu J, Kong XL, Wang ZY, Yang HM, Zhang KN, Zou JM. 2011. Influence of whole corn feeding on the performance, digestive tract development, and nutrient retention of geese. Poultry science. vol 90(3): 587–594. doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2010-01054.
Murawska D. 2012. The effect of age on the growth rate of tissues and organs and the percentage content of edible and nonedible carcass components in Pekin ducks. Poultry Science. vol 91(8): 2030–2038. doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2011-02083.
Negi AS, Kumar JK, Luqman S, Shanker K, Gupta MM, Khanuja SPS. 2007. Recent advances in plant hepatoprotectives: a chemical and biological profile of some important leads. Medical Research Reviews. vol 28(5): 746–722. https://doi.org/10.1002/med.20115.
Omar JMA, Daya R, Ghaleb A. 2012. Effects of different forms of olive cake on the performance and carcass quality of Awassi lambs. Animal feed science and technology. vol 171(2-4): 167–172. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.11.002.
Owen OJ, and Dike UA. 2013. Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) husbandry: a means of increasing animal protein base in developing countries. Journal of Environmental Issues and Agriculture in Developing Countries. vol 5(1): 1–4.
Pradikdo BA, Sudjarwo E, Muharlien. 2016. Pengaruh jenis burung puyuh dengan pemberian pakan komersial yang berbeda terhadap persentase karkas dan organ dalam burung puyuh (Coturnix-coturnix japonica). Jurnal Ternak Tropika. vol 17(2): 23–33. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtapro.2016.017.02.4.
Priti M, and Satish S. 2014. Quail farming: an introduction. International Journal of Life Science. vol 2(2): 190–193.
Ried K. 2016. Garlic lowers blood pressure in hypertensive individuals, regulates serum cholesterol, and stimulates immunity: an updated meta-analysis and review. The Journal of nutrition. vol 146(2): 389S–396S. doi: https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.202192.
Saraswati TR, Wasmen M, Damiana RE, Nastiti K. 2013. Increased egg production of japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) by improving liver function through turmeric powder supplementation. Internasional Journal of Poultry Science. vol 12(10): 601–614. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2013.601.614.
Sengupta M, Sharma GD, Charaborty B. 2011. Hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory properties of aqueous extract of Curcuma longa in carbon tetra chloride intoxicated Swiss albino mice. Asian pacific. Journal of tropical biomedicine: vol 1(3): 193–199. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60026-9.
Setyanto A, Atmomarsono U, Muryani R. 2012. Pengaruh penggunaan tepung jahe emprit (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum) dalam ransum terhadap laju pakan dan kecernaan pakan ayam kampung umur 12 minggu. Animal Agriculture Journal. vol 1(1): 711–720.
Srinivasan K. 2017. Ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale): A spice with multiple health beneficial potentials. Pharmanutrition. vol 5(1): 18–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2017.01.001.
Tarigan P, and Siregar AP. 1983. Pemeliharaan Burung Puyuh. Jakarta: Direktorat Bina Produksi Peternakan.
Tolik D, Po£Awska E, Charuta A, Nowaczewski S, Cooper R. 2014. Characteristics of egg parts, chemical composition and nutritive value of Japanese quail eggs – A Review. Folia Biologica (Kraków). vol 62(2014): 287–292. doi: https://doi.org/10.3409/fb62_4.287.
Tunsaringkarn T, Tungjaroenchai W, Siriwong W. 2012. Nutrient benefits of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs. Annals. Food Science and Technology. vol 13(2): 122–131.
Yarru LP, Settivari RS, Gowda NKS, Antoniou E, Ledoux DR, Rottinghaus GE. 2009. Effects of turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the expression of hepatic genes associated with biotransformation, antioxidant, and immune systems in broiler chicks fed aflatoxin. Poultry Science. vol 88(12): 2620–2627. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2009-00204.
Yeh YY., and Liu L. 2001. Cholesterol-lowering effect of garlic extracts and organosulfur compounds: human and animal studies. The journal of nutrition. vol 131(3): 989S–993S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.3.989S.
Copyright (c) 2019 Hasan Basri, Meilinda Pahriana Sulastri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE STATEMENT
COPYRIGHT
Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license. Authors hold the copyright and retain publishing rights without restriction to their work. Users may read, download, copy, distribute, and print the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
LICENSE TO PUBLISH
1. License
The use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.
2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, the users are free to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute and/or copy the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as the original authors and source are cited. No permission is required from the authors or the publishers.
4. Co-Authorship
If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the corresponding author warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this statement.
5. Miscellaneous
Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, and usage that it deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers.