PERKEMBANGAN FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY (FINTECH) LENDING SYARIAH; TINJAUAN TERHADAP KONSEP, PENGAWASAN DAN REGULASI
Abstract
The development of sharia fintech lending for three years has increased significantly. Starting from 2018 to 2020 there were twelve sharia fintech lending companies. The existence of sharia fintech lending is regulated by POJK Number: 77 / POJK.01 / 2016. This regulation has not yet developed the concept and operation of business activities, guarantees of certainty regarding the fulfillment of sharia principles, and legal protection of the implementation of sharia fintech lending, thus allowing risks that must be borne properly by the organizers and the fintech users themselves. This study is a normative legal research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. This study material was obtained from a literature study, then analyzed in a prescriptive analytical manner for examination and discussion. The results of the analysis are interpreted using systematic, grammatical and teleological interpretation methods. The results of the study concluded that: 1) the collaboration of the contract concept in the DSN-MUI Fatwa Number: 117 / DSN-MUI / II / 2018 and the implementation / operation of business activities in POJK Number: 77 / POJK.01 / 2016 is a benchmark for sharia supervision in the implementation sharia fintech lending; 2) the function of supervising and guaranteeing the fulfillment of sharia principles by the Sharia Supervisory Board; and 3) legal protection in the implementation of sharia fintech lending is still weak, because the POJK Number 77 / POJK.01 / 2016 does not regulate business activities and operations, guarantee compliance with sharia principles, and sharia fintech lending dispute resolution.References
Buku
Amin, Ma’ruf. Solusi Hukum Islam (Makharif Fiqhiyyah) sebagai Pendorong Arus Baru Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia (Kontribusi Fatwa DSN-MUI dalam Peraturan Perundang-undangan RI). Malang: UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim, 2017.
Departemen Perizinan dan Informasi Perbankan. Statistik Perbankan Syariah Juni 2020. Jakarta: Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, 2020.
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Prenada Media Grup, 2007.
Nafis, M. Cholil. Teori Hukum Ekonomi Syariah. Jakarta: Penerbit Universita Indonesia, 2011.
Jurnal
Adonara, Firman Floranta. “Implementasi Prinsip Negara Hukum dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Notaris”. Vol. XXI, No. 1, (2016), hlm. 48.
Aswandi, Bobi dan Roisah, Kholis. “Negara Hukum dan Demokrasi Pancasila dalam Kaitannya dengan Hak Asasi Manusia”. Vol. 1, No. 1, (2019), hlm. 129.
Budiharto. Lestari, Sartika Nanda dan Hartanto, Gusto. “The Legal Protection of Lenders in Peer to Peer Lending System”. Law Reform Journal. Vol. 15, No. 2, September (2019), hlm. 275-289.
Darman. “Financial Technology (FinTech): Karakteristik dan Kualitas Pinjaman pada Peer to Peer Lending di Indonesia”. Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi. Vol. 18, No. 2 (2019), hlm. 133.
Hasanah, Tuti. “Transformasi Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional ke dalam Hukum Positif”. Syariah Jurnal Hukum dan Pemikiran. Vol. 16, No. 2, Desember (2016), hlm. 166.
Hermanto, Asep Bambang. “Politik Hukum dalam Demokrasi Ekonomi Indonesia”. Selisik: Jurnal Hukum dan Bisnis. Vol. 4, No. 7, Desember (2018), hlm. 25.
Maulida, Sri. Hasan, Ahmad dan Umar, Masyitah. “Implementasi Akad Qardh dan Wakalah bil Ujrah pada Platform Fintech Lending Syariah ditinjau Berdasarkan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) dan Fatwa DSN-MUI”. Al-Tijary (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam). Vol. 5, No. 2, Juni (2020), hlm. 175-189.
Nizar, Muhammad Afdi. “Teknologi Keuangan (Fintech): Konsep dan Implementasinya di Indonesia”. Warta Fiskal. Edisi 5 (2017), hlm. 6.
Nola, Luthvi Febryka. “Upaya Perlindungan Hukum Secara Terpadu Bagi Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI)”. Vol. 7, No. 1, (2016), hlm. 40.
Nurmala, Leni Dwi. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Tenaga Pendidik”. Vol. 1, No. 1, (2018), hlm. 68.
Rizal, Muhammad. “Fintech as One of the Financing Solutions for SMEs”, Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Administrasi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan. Vol. 3, No. 2, Agustus (2018), hlm. 91.
Rizal, Muhammad. Maulina, Erna dan Kostini, Nenden. “Fintech as One of the Financing Solutions for SMEs”. Adbispreneur: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Administrasi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan. Vol. 3, No. 2, Agustus (2018), hlm. 97.
Santi, Ernama. Budiharto dan Saptono, Hendro. “Pengawasan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Terhadap Financial Technology (Peraturan OJK Nomor 77/POJK.01/2016). Diponegoro Law Journal. Vol. 6, No. 3, Juli (2017), hlm. 1-20.
Sonata, Depri Liber. “Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif dan Empiris: Karakteristik Khas dari Metode Meneliti Hukum”. Fiat Justisia Jurnal Ilmu Hukum. Vol. 8, No. 1 (2014), hlm. 32.
Wahid, Soleh Hasan. “Pola Transformasi Fatwa Ekonomi Syariah DSN-MUI dalam Peraturan Perundang-undangan di Indonesia”. Ahkam Jurnal Hukum Islam. Vol. 4, No. 2, November (2016). hlm. 196.
Website
Direktori IKNB Syariah Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, “Perusahaan Fintech Lending Berizin dan Terdaftar di OJK per 5 Agustus 2020”, https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/iknb/financial-technology/Documents/FINTECH%20TERDAFTAR%20DAN%20BERIZIN%20PER%205%20AGUSTUS%202020.pdf (diakses tanggal 8 Agustus 2020).
Direktori IKNB Syariah Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, “Statistik IKNB Syariah Juni 2020”, https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/iknb-syariah/Pages/Statistik-IKNB-Syariah-Periode-Juni-2020.aspx (diakses 3 Agustus 2020).
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, “Faq: Kategori Umum”, dalam https://ojk.go.id/id/kanal/iknb/data-dan-statistik/direktori/fintech/Documents/FAQ%20Fintech%20Lending.pdf (diakses 3 April 2020).
Fatwa dan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Fatwa DSN MUI Nomor: 117/DSN-MUI/II/2018 tentang Layanan Pembiayaan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah.
Peraturan Presiden Nomor 82 Tahun 2016 tentang Strategi Nasional Keuangan Inklusif.
Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor: 77/POJK.01/2016 tentang Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang Berbasis Teknologi Informasi.
Surat Keputusan Majelis Ulama Indonesia Nomor: Kep-407/MUI/IV/2016 tentang AD-ART DSN-MUI.
Once an article was published in the journal, the author(s) are:
- to retain copyright and grant to the journal right licensed under Creative Commons License Attribution that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship.
- permitted to publish their work online in third parties as it can lead wider dissemination of the work, with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal
- continue to be the copyright owner and allow the journal to publish the article with the CC BY-NC-SA license
- receiving a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) of the work.
