Journal of Islam and Science

Cosmological signs in Quran: Twelve planets and the ultimate fate of the universe

Mehmet Kemal Irmak — 2023-12-30

The Quran contains many scientific signs about Astronomy and Cosmology. For example, the verse 12:4 indicates that there exist twelve planets around the Sun. The new order of the planets may therefore be as Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, Haumea, Makemake and Eris. A number of verses indicate that with respect to the Earth, there exist seven cosmic layers in the universe; first of which is the solar system. The remaining 6 layers seem to be as follows: Milky Way Galaxy, The Local Group, Local Supercluster, Virgo Supercluster, Laniakea Supercluster and Highest layer: remaining parts of the universe. The verse 51:47 indicates that we live in an expanding universe and all the matter, energy and space in the universe was once squeezed into a small volume. Other verses indicate that ultimate fate of the universe seems to be Big Rip (rupture) in which the matter of the universe, from galaxies and stars to atoms and subatomic particles would be progressively torn apart by the accelerated expansion of the universe. This separation, a "ripping" of stars, planets and atoms would leave the universe entirely devoid of structure but the Ether. With the conception that the Ether (superfluid or plasma in nature) is the primary form of all substance, it could also form the basis of the permanent element in the Eternal World.

Critical control point in the provision of halalan thayyiban poultry meat at the slaughterhouse

Aminah Hajah Thaha — 2023-12-30

Broiler meat is a source of animal protein favoured by the community with its complete nutritional content; however, the price is affordable. The community's need for animal protein from poultry has encouraged various Poultry Slaughterhouse businesses to develop to meet these needs. Indonesia has a Muslim majority population, requiring business actors to provide halalan thayyiban poultry meat. The critical point of halal food products is the point or stage in a series of production processes where the factors that can cause the product to become non-halal can be eliminated. Knowing the critical point of providing halalan thayyiban poultry meat is a crucial factor that needs to be known. There is an improvement in procuring poultry meat, especially in the Poultry Slaughterhouse. The study was conducted at 15 Poultry Slaughterhouses in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Based on the study results, it was found that there were 9 CCPs at the poultry slaughterhouse in Patalassang District, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province, including unloading, temporary cage, slaughtering, bleeding, scalding, de-feathering, evisceration, washing, and storage. Among these CCPs, 3 HCCPs are based on halal aspects, namely unloading, slaughtering, and bleeding. In comparison, 7 HCCPs are based on thayyib aspects, namely, temporary cage, bleeding, scalding, de-feathering, evisceration, washing, and storage. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for business actors in poultry slaughterhouses and local governments in making strategic policies in the provision of halalan thayyiban poultry meat for the community.

Compatibility of religion and science

Wakhid Hasyiem Pratama Aji — 2023-12-30

Science and religion are regarded as two conflicting entities within the Western cultural paradigm, particularly among naturalists. The claims made by religion regarding supernatural entities are rejected by naturalist groups, who emphasize their arguments based on science. However, within the perspective of Islamic culture, there exists a close relationship between science and religion. Science and religion are two entities that exist on the same path and cannot be pitted against each other. The author will present Alvin Plantinga's arguments against Richard Dawkins regarding the compatibility of science and religion, as Dawkins, being a naturalist, deems them incompatible. The author will also put forth arguments by Naquib Al-Attas concerning the inseparable relationship between science and religion. In conclusion, the differing understandings of religion and science give rise to conflicts between perspectives. The methodology employed by the author is theoretical and comparative descriptive, involving the explanation of prominent figures' thoughts on a subject and the comparison of these thoughts to identify the fundamental issues stemming from differences in their perspectives.

The Integration of faith and environment: A pragmatic approach

Ali Muhammad Bhat — 2023-12-20

The cutting down of forests and the depletion of natural sources through destructive technology resulted in the warming of the climate and the diminishing of the ozone layer is a matter of great concern for modern man. Many efforts were taken at the international level to overcome the environmental crisis but all in vain. Divinity has the potential to overcome all such crises at all levels. The Muslim community is charged with the religious responsibility of protecting all aspects of the environment and the protection of the earth and its ecosystem is the first and foremost responsibility. Due to human activities, global warming is a serious threat to the world because of the environmental crisis which has a huge impact on not only humans but all creatures across the globe and raised serious challenges for the future. It seems that this problem started when a modern man stopped understanding himself as the vicegerent of God and trustee of the All-Merciful God and stopped understanding nature as a sacred sign and valuable trust from God. Environmental protection is an important aspect of Islam. This paper aims to understand the significance of religious teachings as a driving force for the majority of human beings. Islamic guidelines are worth to be implemented to protect the ecosystem and ecology for a better future. Islamic teachings in this regard not only serve in academia but its spiritual values mold human behaviors and restrict large-scale politico-colonial engagements, to safeguard the environment.

Islamic view of gluttony explained from medical and scientific point of view

Mohammed Abdul Majid — 2023-12-30

From the time of the Prophet SAW and his companions till today, during these fifteen centuries, the muslim ummah has undergone a profound change in its lifestyle, including the food habits. From highly simplistic and frugal way of life to a highly opulent and extravagant living. This, in turn, in addition to causing various health issues, is also making it difficult for the ummah to discern the huge benefits of following the Sunnah of the Prophet SAW in their daily life. For example, a health issue of gluttony which was unheard of during the time of the Prophet SAW, is becoming common in the ummah. Take for example, the use of sifter, which has become a thing of common use in our daily lives, was in seldom use during the time of the Prophet SAW. In this paper we have strived to bring home the critical lesson for the ummah to obediently follow the practices of the Prophet SAW and his Sahaba RA in their daily lives. Qur’an and Hadith are replete on this valuable subject. And now science after fifteen centuries has come to the conclusion that what was said in Qur’an and Hadith are coming true in letter and spirit.

Metaverse innovation in public service transformation in Makassar metropolitan city

Muhammad Ramli — 2023-12-30

Metaverse is one of the innovations that can be used in various types of activities without the need to meet in the same room, just through virtual space that can be widely operated. This study aims to 1) analyze forms of metaverse-based public service innovation, 2) analyze opportunities and challenges in implementing metaverse-based public service innovations in Makassar Metropolitan City, 3) analyze government efforts made in implementing public service innovations based on metaverse in Makassar Metropolitan City. The research method used is based on descriptive qualitative by observing and collecting data from previous researchers as well as conducting direct interviews with several parties concerned. Based on the results of the research, it shows that the Makassar city government has shown strong efforts, including adopting policies and regulations that support the implementation of metaverse-based public services. In addition, the provision of infrastructure, campaigns related to metaverse education, collaboration with the private sector and academia, as well as procuring a pilot project as an implementation of the effectiveness of using metaverse-based public services.

Islam and science’s perspectives on the endemic plant Dillenia serrata from South Sulawesi

Isna Rasdianah Aziz — 2023-12-30

One of Sulawesi's endemic plants, Dillenia serrata, has numerous uses in the culinary, furniture, and health sectors. Society frequently ignores the lack of knowledge on the use of endemic plants. This study aims to provide the public with information on the endemic plant, D. serrata, from an Islamic and scientific perspective, thus, it can be digested and used as effectively as possible in the future. The approach taken was qualitative, and it involved gathering a variety of pertinent facts and figures about the endemic Sulawesi D. serrata plant through library research. The findings of the studies show that there are several verses in QS Al-An'am verse 99, QS Ar-R'ad verse 4, QS Asy Syu'ara verse 7, and QS Al-An'am verse 141 that demonstrate differences as well as similarities in terms of shape and taste as well as related to the various advantages possessed by the D. serrata plant. In addition, it cautions scientists against breeding and conservation activities, one of which is sharing genetic information from these indigenous species.

An investigation into the accuracy of the direction of the qibla in three historical mosques in Edirne, Turkey

Atınç Pirti — 2023-12-30

For all Muslims it is important to pray in a specific direction, this is known as the qibla. The qibla direction of a mosque is generally determined using the qibla azimuth angle and qibla bearing angle which are calculated from the geographical coordinates of the Ka’ba Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia and the place where the mosque is built. The door which is placed in the gallery of a minaret usually shows the qibla direction. In order to determine the accuracy of the direction the two horizontal edge coordinates of the door are required. This study has two important theoretical aspects. One concern measuring the qibla azimuth angle and qibla bearing angle and the other is related to the qibla direction shown by the minaret door. An experimental technique was carried out on the minaret doors of three historical mosques (Selimiye, Ancient and Three gallery of minarets Mosques) in Edirne, Turkey. The country coordinates of the corner points of each mosque were transformed into geographical coordinates, the qibla azimuth angles and the qibla bearing angles were calculated. The differences between the calculated qibla bearing angles and the qibla bearing angles shown by each door of the three mosque’s minarets are examined and interpreted. This type of study has not been performed in Turkey and also has importance for archaeological work.

Sapiential insights for ultimate wisdom and intelligence appraising the Qur'an and science

Ayesha Alvi — 2023-12-30

The human body is an extremely intricate work of art, with systems and organs interacting to create what has been acknowledged as life. Among these intricate relationships, one of the most fascinating and significant is the one that has been recently discovered between the gut, the brain, and the heart. This discovery has potentially changed our fundamental reductionist, positivist and more precisely biochemical understanding of higher consciousness, wisdom intelligence etc, paving way for a more holistic comprehension which includes philosophical and epistemological analysis. More importantly, such changed paradigm, challenges the accepted dualisms and invites serious research to explore the interconnectedness of mind, body, and emotion. However, these discoveries sparked a surge of discussions among diverse Muslim scholars and researchers who seek to understand the Qur'anic concept of heart-interceded wisdom, as well as the reasons why the Qur'an insist and talks about heart as a reflection of man’s religiousness or piety. It is important to keep in mind that science and the Qur'an are two different discipline each with their own set of argument and approaches. For instance, science is an always changing discipline due to technological innovations while, the teachings of the Qur'an are constant, ageless, occasionally metaphorical or allegorical. In the light of this intricate landscape, science and the Qur'an may either support or challenge each other on various matters. Therefore, it is imperative to note that scientific knowledge should not be regarded as the ultimate source for comprehending the Qur'an. Nonetheless, many individuals explore scientific findings to deepen their faith and their comprehension of the Qur'an. So, in this exploratory article, we will delve into the heart-gut-brain relationship, its scientific underpinnings, and the implications it holds for our understanding of Qur'anic teachings, health, emotions, and consciousness.

Analysis of the level of productive financing at Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Gowa

Amiruddin Kadir — 2023-12-30

Sharia financial institutions are a reflection of the growing desire among individuals for sharia-compliant economic operations. This study aims to find out what factors cause low productive financing at PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Gowa, the strategy used by PT. BSI in increasing productive financing (mudharabah and musyarakah). The research approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative with data collection methods, namely using observation, interviews and documentation studies. The types of data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. The results of the research show that there have been ups and downs in the growth rate of total productive financing in the last 4 years and there are 5 (five) factors that cause the low level of productive financing (mudharabah and musyarakah), namely crisis of confidence, financing risk, profit sharing, limited to customers who already have business as well as the limited business sectors that are financed and there are several strategies in increasing productive financing (mudharabah and musyarakah) at PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Gowa, namely education, increasing the capacity of the bank's Micro Head Unit (UHM), collaborating with other partners to provide guidance to debtors, and this guidance must be carried out on an ongoing basis. This is very important for PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Gowa has the potential to generate profits which will affect the level of profit obtained by the bank.