Polarisasi Politik di Indonesia 2014-2019: Sebuah Kajian Pustaka
Abstract
Pada periode 1950-an, kehidupan politik terpecah akibat politik aliran. Orde Baru dan Reformasi sempat menekan dan membuat polarisasi politik mereda, namun polarisasi politik kembali menguat pada tahun 2014, karena bertemunya dua spektrum antara kelompok pluralis dan Islamis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penyebab menguatnya polarisasi politik antara Islamis dan pluralis di Indonesia, setelah meredup sekian lama dalam sistem politik yang represif maupun terbuka. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa aktor politik mengejar tujuan politik mereka dengan menggunakan strategi polarisasi, seperti memobilisasi pemilih hingga terpecah belah, menyebarkan ujaran kebencian, dan mengeksploitasi keresahan masyarakat. Kesimpulannya bahwa polarisasi politik yang terjadi antara Islamis dan pluralis di Indonesia pada 2014-2019 disebabkan oleh strategi aktor politik. Penelitian ini akan menambah kajian polarisasi politik di Indonesia yang masih terbatas, terutama yang membahas penyebab polarisasi politik.
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