Aplikasi Konsep Desain Pencahayaan Berbasis Eksistansi Permukaan Ruang Rata-rata pada Kasus Kamar Tamu Premium Hotel
Abstract
Abstrak_ Konsep desain pencahayaan pada ruang dalam saat ini telah mengadopsi konsep eksitansi permukaan ruang rata-rata (MRSE) yang penting karena adanya penekanan pada kecerahan perseptual atau pencahayaan latar dari ruang secara keseluruhan, alih-alih menggunakan parameter iluminansi pada bidang kerja yang seringkali kurang efisien dari sisi penggunaan energi. Salah satu penerapan desain pencahayaan yang memerlukan perhatian khusus adalah kamar tamu hotel, yang di satu sisi harus memberikan kenyamanan dan estetika, serta di sisi lain juga harus mengakomodasi berbagai aktivitas visual para penghuninya. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah menerapkan konsep desain pencahayaan elektrik berbasis MRSE pada kasus suatu kamar tamu premium hotel, untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan visual dan efisiensi energi. Metode yang dilakukan adalah menentukan nilai rasio iluminansi target terhadap latar (TAIR) pada masing-masing objek yang ada di dalam kamar, menentukan besarnya fluks cahaya yang harus disediakan, serta menentukan nilai MRSE dan TAIR dari hasil simulasi pencahayaan menggunakan perangkat lunak DIALux evo pada berbagai skenario pencahayaan, yaitu pada (1) ruang kamar mandi, (2) ruang utama untuk berkegiatan membaca dan menulis, (3) ruang utama untuk beristirahat, dan (4) ruang utama untuk membaca sebelum beristirahat di tempat tidur. Perhitungan desain awal menunjukkan nilai MRSE sebesar 100 lm/m2 di kamar mandi pada Skenario 1, 100 lm/m2 pada Skenario 2, 30 lm/m2 pada Skenario 3, dan 30 lm/m2 pada Skenario 4. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan nilai MRSE dari hasil pemodelan sebesar 147,5 lm/m2, 109,5 lm/m2, 30,2 lm/m2, dan 32,5 lm/m2 pada masing-masing skenario, mendekati hasil perhitungan desain awal, sehingga dapat memenuhi target kenyamanan visual dan meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan energi listrik dari sistem pencahayaan. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam mendemonstrasikan konsep pencahayaan ruang dalam yang berkorelasi dengan kecerahan perseptual penghuni sekaligus dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan energi listrik.
Kata kunci: Desain Pencahayaan Ruang Dalam; Eksitansi Permukaan Ruang Rata-Rata; Pencahayaan Latar; Simulasi; Kamar Hotel
Abstract_ The current interior lighting design concept has adopted the concept of mean room surface exitance (MRSE), which is important to the emphasize on the perceptual brightness or ambient illuminance of the space as a whole, instead of using the workplane illuminance parameter, which is often inefficient in terms of energy use. An application of lighting design that requires specific attention is hotel guestrooms, which shall provide comfort and aesthetics, and shall accomodate various visual activities of the occupants. The purpose of this study is to apply the concept of MRSE-based electric lighting design to the case of a premium hotel guestroom, to improve visual comfort and energy efficiency. The implemented method is determining the target/ambient illuminance ratio (TAIR) for each object in the room, determining the amount of luminous flux that must be provided, and determining the MRSE and TAIR values from the lighting simulations using DIALux evo software in various scenarios, namely in the (1) bathroom, (2) main (bed)room for reading and writing, (3) main room for sleeping, and (4) main room for reading prior to sleeping. Initial design calculation indicates MRSE values of 100 lm/m2 in Scenario 1, 100 lm/m2 in Scenario 2, 30 lm/m2 in Scenario 3, and 30 lm/m2 in Scenario 4. The simulation results show that the MRSE value from the modeling is found to be 147.5 lm/m2 1, 109.5 lm/m2, 30.2 lm/m2, and 32.5 lm/m2 in each scenario, in relatively close agreement with the initial design calculations, satisying the visual comfort target and increasing the efficiency of electric lighting energy use. This study contribute in demonstrating the interior lighting design concept that can be correlated with the perceptual brightness of the occupants, as well as with the energy efficiency improvement.
Keywords: Interior Lighting Design; Mean Room Surface Exitance; Ambient Illuminance; Simulation; Hotel Room
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