Review of International Relations

Strategi Ekspor Kakao Olahan Indonesia melalui International Cocoa Organization (ICCO) ke Uni Eropa

Niluh Gede Risnayanti — 2024-12-12

Indonesia, as the world's third-largest cocoa producer, joined the International Cocoa Organization (ICCO) in 2012 to improve market access, reduce trade barriers, and strengthen its negotiating position with the European Union in efforts to develop the national cocoa industry and increase exports of processed cocoa to global markets. The aim of this research is to analyze the factors driving Indonesia's joining of ICCO (International Cocoa Organization) and to examine Indonesia's processed cocoa export strategy. This study uses a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis to explore in depth Indonesia's strategy in increasing processed cocoa exports to the European Union through its membership in ICCO. The research results show that Indonesia's joining of the International Cocoa Organization (ICCO) was driven by various strategic factors and followed by the development of a comprehensive processed cocoa export strategy. As a major cocoa producer, Indonesia leverages its ICCO membership to enhance the position and competitiveness of the national cocoa industry in the global market through improved market access, information acquisition, capacity development, and strengthening of diplomatic positions. The export strategy developed includes diplomatic efforts to reduce import tariffs in the European Union, product quality improvement, product diversification and promotion of sustainability certifications. Indonesia actively lobbies, builds alliances with other producing countries, and utilizes ICCO forums for technology transfer.

Analisis Bibliometrik pada Penelitian Diplomasi Digital

Syuryansyah — 2024-12-12

This study conducted a bibliometric analysis in the field of digital diplomacy. The authors utilized Publish or Perish (PoP) software for descriptive data analysis, using Google Scholar and Crossref as the database sources. The collected data were stored in RIS format using Mendeley for research mapping with VOSViewer. The study found that papers published in reputable journals indexed by Scopus had a more significant impact compared to those in non-Scopus journals. Furthermore, articles published in Scopus-indexed journals tended to receive more citations. The research successfully identified potential research topics for further exploration based on less commonly used keywords in the literature on digital diplomacy. Consequently, this study provides valuable insights into the development of the digital diplomacy field and offers guidance for researchers to explore intriguing areas with the potential for significant contributions.

Why Sexual Violence is a Weapon of War in Jacqui True’s Perspective : Learning from Sexual Violence in Congo’s Conflict 2021-2024

Ridha Amalia — 2024-12-16

The use of sexual violence as a weapon of war in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has become one of the most widespread and destructive forms of gender-based violence. This article explores why sexual violence is used so extensively in the DRC. Using Jacqui True’s feminist perspective within a structural violence framework, it examines three main factors: gender norms and patriarchal structures, weak legal frameworks, and socio-economic disparities. A case study of the DRC shows how these factors work together to make sexual violence a strategic tool in war. The authors argue that sexual violence in war is not merely a consequence of conflict but also a symptom of deeper structural inequalities. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of addressing these inequalities to reduce the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and recommends policies focused on gender justice and survivor protection.

The Implementation of SDGs Desa in South Sulawesi (Indonesia)

Kaslam — 2024-12-16

SDGs Desa is an integrated effort for global development in the economic, social, environmental, legal and community governance fields at the village level. Village SDGs are derived from the national SDGs targets in 18 development areas. The Village SDGs aim to accelerate the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals by including simplification of goals, localization of targets in villages, and alignment of target indicators. This paper aims to analyze the progress of achieving the SDGs Desa in South Sulawesi, so as to provide an overview of each target that must be improved and maintained. The method used is descriptive quantitative by takin SDGs Desa data for all villages in South Sulawesi, on the website sid.kemendesa.go.id. The results of the study show that in general, South Sulawesi's SDGs Desa fall into the low category with a value of 46.66. Only 1 target is included in the high category, 7 targets are included in the medium category and 10 targets are included in the low category. Thus, the progress of increasing SDGs Desa in South Sulawesi needs to be a concern of the government to immediately improve.