Extraction and Application of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Seed Tannins as a Biomordant for Natural Dyeing of Timorese Handwoven Fabric
Abstrak
Pewarnaan kain tenun Timor menggunakan pewarna alami menghasilkan warna kain tenun yang kurang intens dan kurang stabil terhadap pencucian. Penerapan fiksasi warna dengan mordan logam seperti alum atau tawas tidak cukup aman bagi lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan ekstraksi tannin dari biji alpukat sebagai alternative mordan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan luntur warna kain tenun Timor yang diwarnai secara alami. Tanin diekstraksi secara maserasi, dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan UV-Vis, diterapkan sebagai biomordan pada pewarnaan kain tenun Timor dan ditentukan nilai ketahanan luntur menggunakan Staining Scale Standard. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biji alpukat mengandung tanin dengan kadar tanin total sebesar 22,75 mg/kg berat kering. Hasil identifikasi FTIR menunjukkan bahwa tannin memiliki beberapa gugus fungsi fungsi spesifik seperti C-O dan -OH yang cukup efektif untuk mengikat zat warna dan serat kain. Didapatkan hasil bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi biomordan tannin, semakin meningkat nilai ketahanan luntur terhadap pencucian dari kain tenun.
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