The Carbon Effect in Biodiesel Synthesis

Abstract

Biodiesel is synthesized from the trans-esterification reaction of vegetable oil and alcohol using a catalyst such as acids, bases or enzymes. The acid catalyst that is often used is sulfuric acid; H2SO4, and HCl while most of base catalysts are NaOH and KOH. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of carbon derived from sugar heating in the synthesis of biodiesel with a sulfuric acid catalyst; H2SO4. Trans-esterification reaction of Jatropha oil and methanol with sulfuric acid catalyst was done with oil and methanol at 1:9 ratio. The results showed that (1) the physical properties of the biodiesel was synthesized with carbon-H2SO4 has a difference with physical properties the biodiesel was synthesized by sulfuric acid (2) carbon-H2SO4 was used in the trans-esterification reaction of Jatropha oil and methanol to produce methyl ester character is the density of 0.889 g / mL, 24.59 cSt viscosity and refractive index of 1.464, (3) methyl ester produced from the reaction of trans-esterification of Jatropha oil and methanol with sulfuric acid catalyst has a character that is a density of 0.882 g / mL, 11.70 cSt viscosity and refractive index of 1.458.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Fukuda, H., Kondo, A. & Noda, H. (2001). Biodiesel Fuel Production by Transesterification of Oils. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 92 (5), 405-416.

Lotero, E., Liu, Lopez, D. E., Suwannakarn, K., Bruce, D. A., & Goowin, J. G. (2005). Synthesis of Biodiesel via Acid Catalysis. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res, 44, 5353-5363

Mohammed, I., Y., Abakr, Y., A., Kazi, F., K., Yusuf, S., Alshareef, I., & Chin, S., A. (2015). Pyrolysis of Napier Grass in a Fixed Bed Reactor: Effect of Operating Conditions on Product Yields and Characteristics. BioResources, 10(4), 6457-6478. DOI: 10.15376/biores.10.4.6457-6478.

Okamura, M., Takagaki, A., Toda, M., Kondo, J. N., Domen, K., Tatsumi, T., Hara, M., & Hayashi, S. (2006). Acid-Catalyzed Reaction on Flexible Polycyclic Aromatik Carbon in Amorphous Carbon. Chem. Mater, 18, 3030-3045.

Ramírez-Arias, A. M., Giraldo, L., & Moreno-Piraján, J. C. (2017). Biodiesel Synthesis: Use of Activated Carbon as Support of the Catalysts. Biorefining of Biomass to Biofuels, 117–152. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67678-4_5

Sherbiny, S. A. E., Refaat, A. A., Sheltawy, S. T. E. (2010). Production of biodiesel using the microwave technique. Journal of Advanced Research, 1(4): 309-314. DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2010.07.003

Subhedar, P. B., & Gogate, P. R. (2016). Ultrasound assisted intensification of biodiesel production using enzymatic interesterification. J. Ultsonch, 29: 67-75. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.09.006

Toda, M., Takagaki, A., Okamura, M., Kondo, J. N., Hayashi, S., Domen, K. & Hara, M. (2005). Biodiesel Made with Sugar Catalyst. Nature, 438.

Vasudevan, P. T & Briggs, M. (2008). Biodiesel Production Current State of the Art and Challenges. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol, 35, 421-430.

Zong Min-Hua, Duan Zhang-Qun, Lou Wen-You, Smith, T. J. & Wu, H. (2007). Preparation of a Sugar Catalyst and Its Use for Highly Efficient Production of Biodiesel. Green Chem, 9, 434-437.

Published
2020-06-29
How to Cite
Setiawan, M. A., & Morentera, B. G. (2020). The Carbon Effect in Biodiesel Synthesis. Al-Kimia, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v8i1.6368
Section
Article
Abstract viewed = 467 times