PROBLEMS OF THE EARTH'S FORM IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF FiQH AND SCIENCE
Abstract
The view that the Earth is flat originated from the ancient civilizations of the world, such as an Ancient Egypt, Babylonia, Mesopotamia, China, and India. And survived until the time of Aristotle. This understanding was re-developed in the 18th century by an Englishman named Samuel Rowbotham who was inspired by Bible verses. In Indonesia, the idea of a flat Earth began to be heavily debated in 2017 when the Flat Earth 101 YouTube page went viral. The issue of the debate over the shape of the Earth also extends to the religious aspect. Most scholars agree that the Earth is spherical and some think that the Earth is flat, but the issue of the shape of the Earth is not a form of aqidah. While, the practice of worship of Muslims is mostly determined using the calculation of the spherical Earth astronomical model. A number of observations of celestial bodies actually empirically prove the Earth is round, but some groups of people do not believe it.
Keywords: Spherical Earth, Flat, Astronomy
References
Aderin-Pocock, Maggie. Star Finder! A Step by Step Guide To Night Sky, (New York: Dorling Kindersley Limited, 2017.
Admiranto, A. Gunawan. Eksplorasi Tata Surya. Mizan. Bandung, 2017.
Ardian, J, et al. Benarkah Bumi itu Datar? 100 Klaim Bukti Ilmiah Menurut Flat Earth Society dan Batahannya. Narasi. Yogyakarta, 2017.
al-Barwaswi, Ismāîl Haqqi. Tafsir Rūh al-Bayān, Jilid 10. Dar Al-Fikr, 1990.
Al-Qurthubi, Ter. Muhyiddin Masridha, Tafsir al-Qurṭubi, Jilid 9. Jakarta: Pustaka Azam, 2008.
Bahraen, Raehanul. Apakah Bumi Bulat Bola Atau Datar Menurut Pandangan Syariat?. muslim.or.id. Diakses pada 27 Februari 2022.
Basir, Fatur Rahman dan Muh. Rasywan Syarif, “Periodisasi Penciptaan Alam Semesta Dalam Manuskrip Kutika dan Science Islam”, ELFALAKY 5, no. 1 (2021).
Beazley, Mitchell. Astronomy Encyclopedia. London: Philip’s, 2002.
Candra, Ari. Mana yang benar: Bumi Bulat atau Bumi Datar. Zenius. https://www.zenius.net/blog/bumi-bulat-datar. Diakses pada 25 Februari 2022.
Dubay, Eric. 200 Bukti Ilmiah Bumi itu Datar. Elephant Book (2017)
Fikri, Mursyid dan Muh. Rasywan Syarif, “Eksplorasi Pemikiran Abu Ma‟shar Al Falaky Tentang Manusia dan Bintang”, ELFALAKY 3, no. 2 (2019).
Hambali, Slamet. Ilmu Falak I: Tentang Penentuan Awal Waktu Salat dan Penentuan Arah Kiblat di Seluruh Dunia. Semarang: Program Pasca Sarjana IAIN Walisongo Semarang, 2011.
Irfan bin Ikmal Hisham, Ahmad. “Bumi Datar vs Bumi Sfera: Kacamata Astronomi dan Falak”. Seminar Ilmu Falak Kebangsaan anjuran PIMPIN UMP. Universiti Malaysia Pahang. 4-5 April 2018.
Jalāl ad-Dîn Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Mahalli, Jalāl ad-Dîn Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakr as-Shuyuthi, Tafsir Jalālain, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiah, 1997.
Muhammad bin Husain al-Qumay an-Naisabūri, Niẓām ad-Dīn al-Husain . Gharāib al-Qur’an wa Raghāib al-Furqān, Jilid 6. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiah, 1997.
Mustofa, Agus. Menjawab Kesalahan Saintifik Alquran. Surabaya: Padma Press, 2013.
Riḍā, Muhammad Rasyīd. Tafsīr al-Mannār, Jilid 1.
Santosa, Tomi Apra. et al. “Keruntuhan Teori Flat Earth Menurut Filsafat Islam dan Al-Quran”. Aksiologi: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial. Vol 1 No 1 2020.
Syarif, Muh. Rasywan. Ilmu Falak Integrasi Agama dan Sains. Cet.I; Gowa: Alauddin University Press, 2020.
