TINJUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PRAKTEK UTANG PIUTANG DI KABUPATEN MAROS
Abstract
Abstrak
Utang piutang secara terminologis adalah memberikan harta kepada orang yang akan memanfaatkannya dan mengembalikan gantinya dikemudian hari. jual beli, pinjam meminjam adalah bagian dari aktifitas ekonomi. Pokok masalah penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana praktik utang piutang yang terjadi pada Masyarakat Nelayan Desa Pajukukang, dan Bagaimanakah tinjauan hukum islam terhadap praktik utang piutang yang terjadi pada Masyarakat Nelayan Desa Pajukukang. Jenis penelitian ini tergolong kualitatif dengan pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris, pendekatan sosiologis dan pendekatan muamalah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan praktek utang yang terjadi di masyarakat nelayan di Desa Pajukukang merupakan praktek muamalah yang dilakukan secara lisan dengan sistem kepercayaan satu sama lain, tidak ada perjanjian hitam di atas putih, bahkan jaminannya tidak ada, tetapi memiliki bunga uang. Adapun faktor yang melatar belakangi praktek utang piutang yang terjadi adalah karena kemudahan dibandingkan dengan melakukan pinjaman pada Lembaga keuangan. Jika ditinjau dari perspektif hukum Islam praktek utang piutang yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Pajukukang. sudah memenuhi rukun dan syarat yang merupakan syarat sahnya suatu akad. Meskipun praktik utang piutang ini sudah memenuhi rukun dan syarat, tetapi terdapat ketidaksesuaian dengan hukum islam (fiqh muamalah) karena adanya tambahan dalam utang piutang termasuk riba dan hukumnya haram, Yang disebutkan dalam (Q.S Ali-imran:130).
Kata Kunci: Hukum Islam, Masyarakat, Utang-Piutang.
Abstract
Terminologically, debts and receivables are giving assets to people who will use them and return them in exchange at a later date. buying and selling, borrowing and borrowing are part of economic activity. The main problem of this research is how the practice of debt and credit that occurs in the fishing community of Pajukukang village, and how is the review of Islamic law on the practice of debt and credit that occurs in the fishing community of Pajukukang village. This type of research is classified as qualitative with the research approach used is empirical juridical, sociological approach and muamalah approach. The results of this study indicate that the practice of debt that occurs in the fishing community in Pajukukang Village is a muamalah practice which is carried out orally with a mutual trust system, there is no black and white agreement, even the guarantee is not there, but it has money interest. The factors behind the practice of debt and receivables that occur are because of the convenience compared to making loans to financial institutions. If viewed from the perspective of Islamic law, the practice of debt and credit carried out by the Pajukukang Village community. has fulfilled the pillars and conditions which are a condition for the validity of a contract. Even though this practice of debt and credit has fulfilled the pillars and conditions, there is a discrepancy with Islamic law (fiqh muamalah) because of the additions in accounts payable including usury and the law is haram, which is mentioned in (Q.S Ali-imran: 130).
Keywords: Debts, Islamic Law, Society.
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