PERBANDINGAN HUKUM ISLAM DAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP INVESTOR CRYPTOCURRENCY DI INDONESIA
Abstract
Abstrak
Cryptocurrency terdiri dari dua kata yaitu crypto yang berarti rahasia dan currency yang berarti uang. Secara sederhana, kita dapat mendefinisikan cryptocurrency sebagai teknologi mata uang virtual yang menggunakan sistem kriptografi untuk mengamankan transaksi dan tidak dapat dipalsukan. Berbeda dengan mata uang yang kita gunakan sehari-hari, cryptocurrency tidak memiliki bentuk fisik karena ada di dunia maya dan berbentuk digital. Pokok masalah penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana Perbandingan Hukum Terhadap Cryptocurrency Sebagai Sarana Investasi Di Indonesia. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah pendekatan Yuridis Normatif serta jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kepustakaan/library research. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kedudukan investasi cryptocurrency dalam hukum islam ialah haram sesuai dengan Fatwa MUI ke VII. Adapun bentuk Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Investor Cryptocurrency Dikaji dari Peraturan Bappebti Nomor 9 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Bappebti Nomor 5 tahun 2019 Tentang Ketentuan Teknis Penyelenggaraan Pasar Fisik Aset Kripto (crypto asset) di Bursa Berjangka yaitu apabila terdapat pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh marketplace cryptocurrency, maka bisa diberikan sanksi pembatalan persetujuan. Dengan batalnya persetujuan tersebut, maka marketplace asset crypto wajib mengembalikan dana ataupun menyerahkan asset crypto milik konsumen asset crypto yang dikelolanya, dan dilarang menerima konsumen asset crypto yang baru.
Kata Kunci: Cryptocurrency, Investasi, Hukum Islam, Perlindungan Hukum.
Abstract
Cryptocurrency consists of two words, namely crypto which means secret and currency which means money. In simple terms, we can define cryptocurrency as a virtual currency technology that uses a cryptographic system to secure transactions and cannot be counterfeited. Unlike the currencies we use everyday, cryptocurrencies do not have a physical form because they exist in cyberspace and are digital. The main problem of this research is how to compare the law against cryptocurrencies as a means of investment in Indonesia. The approach used in this study is a normative juridical approach and the type of research used is library research. The results of this study indicate that the position of cryptocurrency investment in Islamic law is haram in accordance with the VII MUI Fatwa. The form of Legal Protection Against Cryptocurrency Investors is reviewed from CoFTRA Regulation Number 9 of 2019 concerning Amendments to CoFTRA Regulation Number 5 of 2019 concerning Technical Provisions for the Implementation of the Physical Market of Crypto Assets (crypto assets) on the Futures Exchange, namely if there is a violation committed by the cryptocurrency marketplace, then sanction of cancellation of approval may be imposed. With the cancellation of the agreement, the crypto asset marketplace is required to return funds or hand over crypto assets belonging to the crypto asset consumers it manages, and are prohibited from accepting new crypto asset consumers.
Keywords: Cryptocurrency, Islamic law, Investment, Legal Protection.
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