TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP CRYPTOCURRENCY (STUDI KASUS ETHEREUM) SEBAGAI ISTRUMEN INVESTASI
Abstract
Abstrak
Pokok Permasalahan dalam Penelitian ini yaitu Bagaimana Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Cryptocurrency (Studi Kasus Ethereum) Sebagai Instrumen Investasi. Adapun pendekatan yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini ialah pendekatan yuridis normatif dan pendekatan syar’i. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni data hukum primer dan data hukum sekunder.Data ini diperoleh melalui Observasi kemudian dilakukan Pengolahan dan Analisis Data. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan cryptocurrency banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai sarana investasi dengan mekanisme transaksinya dilakukan di pasar yang berupa bursa kripto yang transaksinya dapat dilakukan kapan saja selama 24 jam sehari tanpa hari libur, dengan objek jual beli adalah aset crypto yang berbasis blockchain dan mempunyai nilai yang naik turun (fluktuatif) sehingga masyarakat bisa mendapat keuntungan jika harga belinya rendah daripada harga jual. Perdagangan crypto diawasi dan diatur oleh Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi (BAPPEBTI) sebagai lembaga yang mempunyai kewenangan dalam perdagangan komoditi berjangka di Indonesia.Cryptocurrency dapat digunakan sebagai mata uang disamping itu juga bisa digunakan sebagai sarana investasi. Penggunaan aset kripto sebagai sarana investasi menurut pendapat penulis sejauh ini mengikuti pendapat yang mengharamkan karena unsur ghararnya sangat tinggi dimana pada umumnya aset crypto tidak mempunyai underlying. Implikasi Penelitian ini adalah 1) Diharapkan agar cryptocurrency yang diperdagangkan di Indonesia bisa dipersyaratkan untuk mempunyai underlying sehingga unsur gharar dari aset cryptocurrency bisa dikurangi. 2) Apabila tidak semuanya bisa mempunyai underlying setidaknya bisa dibagi antara pasar cryptocurrency konvensional dan pasar cryptocurrency syariah yang telah diuji oleh lembaga yang kompeten sehingga memberikan pilihan bagi masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: Crypto, Investasi, Hukum islam.
AbstractThe main problem in this research is how Islamic law reviews cryptocurrency (Ethereum case study) as an investment instrument. The type of research used is Field Research or descriptive field research. The approaches used in this research are the normative juridical approach and the syar'i approach. The data used in this research are primary legal data and secondary legal data. This data was obtained through observation and then data processing and analysis was carried out. The results of this research show that the use of cryptocurrency is widely used by the public as a means of investment with the transaction mechanism being carried out on the market in the form of a crypto exchange where transactions can be carried out at any time 24 hours a day without holidays, with the object of buying and selling being blockchain-based crypto assets and having values that go up and down (fluctuate) so that people can make a profit if the buying price is lower than the selling price. Crypto trading is supervised and regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Supervisory Agency (BAPPEBTI) as an institution that has authority in commodity futures trading in Indonesia. Cryptocurrency can be used as currency besides that it can also be used as an investment vehicle. According to the author's opinion, the use of crypto assets as an investment tool has so far followed a prohibitive opinion because the element of gharar is very high, where in general crypto assets do not have an underlying. The implications of this research are 1) It is hoped that cryptocurrency traded in Indonesia will be required to have an underlying so that the gharar element of cryptocurrency assets can be reduced. 2) If not everything can have an underlying, at least it can be divided between the conventional cryptocurrency market and the sharia cryptocurrency market which has been tested by competent institutions so as to provide choices for the public.
Keywords: Crypto, Investment, Islamic law
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