KONSEP MUSYARAKAH DALAM PERBANKAN SYARIAH: PERSPEKTIF HADIS DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PRAKTIK MODERN
Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep musyarakah dalam perbankan syariah berdasarkan perspektif hadis, serta mengkaji relevansinya dengan inovasi produk keuangan modern. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui metode studi pustaka, dengan data sekunder berupa Al-Qur'an, hadis, serta literatur terkait. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode syarah maudhui (tematik) terhadap hadis-hadis yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prinsip musyarakah seperti keadilan, transparansi, amanah, dan larangan khianat dan riba merupakan landasan etis dan spiritual yang mendukung praktik perbankan syariah. Implementasi musyarakah di era modern, termasuk skema seperti musyarakah mutanaqisah dan pembiayaan modal kerja, telah memberikan fleksibilitas dan inovasi dalam produk keuangan syariah. Namun, terdapat kendala seperti kurangnya literasi keuangan syariah dan tantangan regulasi. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah penguatan landasan etis musyarakah berbasis hadis untuk mendukung pengembangan produk perbankan syariah yang lebih kompetitif dan sesuai dengan prinsip syariah, serta relevan dengan kebutuhan bisnis kontemporer.
Kata Kunci: Musyarakah, Hadis, Perbankan Syariah, Inovasi Produk
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the concept of musyarakah in Islamic banking from the perspective of Hadith and examine its relevance to modern financial product innovations. The research employs a qualitative approach through a literature study method, using secondary data from the Qur'an, Hadith, and related literature. The analysis is conducted using the syarah maudhui (thematic exegesis) method on relevant Hadiths. The findings of the study show that the principles of musyarakah, such as justice, transparency, trustworthiness, and the prohibition of betrayal and usury, form the ethical and spiritual foundation that supports Islamic banking practices. The implementation of musyarakah in the modern era, including schemes such as musyarakah mutanaqisah and working capital financing, has provided flexibility and innovation in Islamic financial products. However, there are challenges such as the lack of Islamic financial literacy and regulatory obstacles. The implications of this research are the reinforcement of the ethical foundation of musyarakah based on Hadith to support the development of more competitive Islamic banking products that comply with Sharia principles and are relevant to contemporary business needs.
Keywords: Musyarakah, Hadith, Islamic Banking, Product Innovation
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