OPTIMALISASI PENCAHAYAAN ALAMI DENGAN USEFUL DAYLIGHT ILLUMINANCE PADA DESAIN RUMAH TOKO (RUKO) DI KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE
Abstract
Abstrak_Penelitian ini menawarkan proposal Rumah Toko (Ruko) di Kota Lhokseumawe yang ramah terhadap cahaya alami, sehingga berkonsekuensi langsung untuk pengurangan energi. Metode yang digunakan adalah melakukan simulasi komputer dengan menggunakan antar muka Rhinoceros, Grasshopper, Ladybug dan Honeybee. Climate based daylight modeling (CBDM) dengan metrik Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI) digunakan untuk membuktikan pengoptimalan cahaya alami yang sesuai dengan Kota Lhokseumawe. Metrik UDI digunakan pada studi ini karena beberapa alasan, pertama, metrik ini menggunakan data meteorologi lokasi spesifik untuk simulasi pengukuran sehingga hasil yang diharapkan lebih akurat sesuai dengan lokasi geografis objek penelitian. Kedua, metrik ini membuat kategori batas tidak memenuhi karena kurang cahaya yaitu kurang dari 100 Lux, range optimal antara 100-2000 Lux serta batas kelebihan cahaya diatas 2000 Lux. Hal ini tentunya mendukung analisa hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan metrik Daylight Autonomy (DA) yang hanya menentukan batas bawah saja. Diantara strategi-strategi yang kami implementasikan untuk memperbaiki kondisi pencahayaan alami adalah substraksi bangunan, efisiensi organisasi ruang, memberbesar window wall ratio (WWR), kulit ganda dan shading devices. Hasil menunjukkan pencahayaan alami yang optimal dapat ditingkatkan dari 22 persen, pada Ruko eksisting, menjadi 73 persen per tahun pada desain proposal penelitian ini.
Kata Kunci: Pencahayaan Alami; Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI); Ruko; Rhinoceros & Grasshopper; Ladybug & Honeybee
Abstract_ This study offered a daylight-friendly design of shophouse for Lhokseumawe, which it contributed to the immediate save of energy. Method used was a computer simulation utilizing Rhinoceros, Grasshopper, Ladybug and Honeybee. Climate based daylight modeling(CBDM) with Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI) metric was adopted as a proving ground for a daylight optimization specifically for Lhokseumawe. The UDI metric utilized were for several reasons, firstly, the metric used meteorogical data for a certain location for the daylight simulation, thus, it represented a more accurate result for a specific geographical location of the study. Secondly, the metric made categorization for dissatisfactory of low daylight availability which was less than 100 Lux, the optimum range from 100 to 2000 Lux and excessive daylighting availability which falled above 2000 Lux. Obviously, this supported a better analysis result compare to a Daylight Autonomy (DA) which utilized the minimum limit of the daylight for evaluation. Among design strategies that implemented for a daylight-friendly design were building mass substraction, efficient space organization, enlarged window wall ratio (WWR), double skin and shading devices. Result showed daylight optimization was improved from 22 percents, in an existing shophouse, to 73 percents annually with the proposal from this study.
Keywords: Daylighting; Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI); Shophouse, Rhinoceros & Grasshoppe;, Ladybug & Honeybee.
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