POLA SPASIAL PERUMAHAN SUBSIDI DI WILAYAH BODETABEK
Abstrak
Perkembangan sebuah kota dan wilayah berhubungan dengan pembangunan perumahan. Faktor pemicunya adalah meningkatnya kebutuhan rumah akibat pertumbuhan penduduk. Pemerintah Indonesia telah melaksanakan kewajiban untuk memenuhi kebutuhan perumahan, salah satunya melalui subsidi perumahan. Namun demikian, sektor perumahan merupakan salah satu sektor yang kompleks karena melibatkan banyak pemangku kepentingan. Penyelesaian persoalan perumahan juga tidak mudah untuk dilakukan. Apalagi perumahan tersebut berada di wilayah dengan kepadatan penduduk tinggi dan merupakan penyangga ibukota seperti Bodetabek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seperti apa pola spasial perumahan subsidi di wilayah Bodetabek. Beberapa metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui pola spasial perumahan subsidi adalah kernel density, density-base clustering dan analisis average nearest neighbor.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perumahan subsidi membentuk pola sebaran kepadatan di wilayah Bodetabek. Pola sebaran terbagi menjadi 5 kelas, yaitu sangat rendah, rendah, sedang, tinggi dan sangat tinggi. Secara umum, perumahan subsidi di Bodetabek termasuk dalam kategori mengelompok. Selain itu, perumahan subsidi terbagi menjadi 5 (lima) klaster besar. Klaster tersebut adalah Klaster Rajeg, Klaster Tigaraksa-Cisoka-Solear, Klaster Ciseeng-Ciampea-Kemang-Rancabungur, Klaster Cileungsi-Klapanunggal-Cibarusah-Serang Baru dan Klaster Cibitung-Karang Bahagia-Tambun Utara. Pola-pola tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai basis data perencanaan pembangunan di wilayah Bodetabek. Perencanaan pembangunan tersebut tentu disesuaikan dengan segmen penerima manfaat perumahan subsidi, yaitu masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah.
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