Kontekstualisasi Objek Zakat Era Kontemporer di Indonesia: Aset Keuangan Publik Dalam Pembangunan Bangsa
Abstract
The sharpness of ijtihad studied by Islamic scholars has succeeded in opening up space for the interpretation of zakat objects which were initially understood traditionally in a narrow scope but now there are various contextualizations of obligatory zakat objects into several new sub-categories through a broader review and are able to represent the current state of society. This article attempts to explore the essence and contextualization of zakat objects in the contemporary era as public financial assets in nation building. The research adopted a descriptive qualitative method through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Information and data collection is carried out using documentation techniques, while data analysis is carried out through three reviews, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Indonesia has a lot of contextualization of contemporary zakat objects, starting from professional or income zakat objects, corporate zakat, stock and bond zakat, investments and deposits, mutual fund zakat, including content creator zakat which has emerged along with technological developments and changes in lifestyle trends. This potential is also supported by Indonesia's population, which is predominantly Muslim, reaching 237.55 million people or 86.7% in 2023. With so many obligatory zakat objects and a high Muslim population, these two potentials, if managed and utilized properly, can provide positive impact in reducing economic disparities, realizing prosperity, and accelerate national development.
Downloads
References
Al-Fasiri, M. J., & Setyawan, E. (2015). Ijtihad Yusuf Qardhawi Tentang Zakat Saham dan Obligasi. Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, 3(2), 83–93. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.24235/jm.v3i2.455.g399
Arafah, M. (2022). Zakat Sebagai Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Umat Dalam Mengatasi Kemiskinan. Al-Iqtishad, 13(2), 88–98. https://doi.org/10.30863/aliqtishad.v13i2.2542
Arifah, & Muhammad, R. (2021). Akuntabilitas Kontemporer Organisasi Pengelola Zakat. Jurnal Akademi Akuntansi, 4(1), 26–49. https://doi.org/10.22219/jaa.v4i1.16014
BAZNAS. (2016). Prinsip-Prinsip Pokok Untuk Penyelenggaraan dan Pengawasan Zakat Yang Efektif Kelompok Kerja Internasional untuk. In Departemen Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah Bank Indonesi (p. 55).
BAZNAS. (2019). Zakat Saham. https://baznas.go.id/zakatsaham
BAZNAS RI. (2022). Potensi Zakat BAZNAS Republik Indonesia. In Puskas Baznas (Issue September). https://www.puskasbaznas.com/publications/published/officialnews/1687-potensi-zakat-baznas-provinsi
Canggih, C., & Indrarini, R. (2021). Apakah Literasi Mempengaruhi Penerimaan Zakat? JESI (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Indonesia), XI(1), 1–11. https://ejournal.almaata.ac.id/index.php/JESI/article/view/1732
Darwanto, M. I. M. &. (2022). Studi Komparasi Pemikiran Ekonom Islam Syed Nawab Haider Naqvi dengan Yusuf Al-Qardhawi: Pandangan Dasar, Etika Ekonomi dan Peran Pemerintah. Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan Dan Bisnis Syariah, Vol. 4, No, 2656–4351. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.47467/alkharaj.v3i1.540
Fadli, M. R. (2021). Memahami Desain Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Humanika, 21(1), 33–54. https://doi.org/10.21831/hum.v21i1.38075
Fitri, F. N., & Rahmi, M. (2021). Model Pengelolaan Zakat Saham dan Investasi di Baznas (Bazis) Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 2(2), 196–213.
Fitri, M. (2017). Pengelolaan Zakat Produktif Sebagai Instrumen Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Umat. Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 8(1), 149–173. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/economica.2017.8.1.1830
Ginawan, N. A., Hardivizon, & Hendrianto. (2019). Tinjauan Upaya BAZNAS Kabupaten Kepahiang Dalam Mengumpul Dana Zakat Profesi (Studi Evaluasi). In Institut Agama Islam Negeri Curup. Institut Agama Islam Negeri Curup.
Hendrianto. (2016). Kepuasan Muzakki Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Zakat Pada BAZ (Badan Amil Zakat) Kabupaten Kerinci. AL-FALAH: Journal of Islamic Economics, 1(2), 164–185. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/jie.v1i2.99
Huda, N., Zain, E., & Zulihar. (2012). Zakat Dalam Pendekatan Kontemporer. Pro Bisnis, 5(1), 1–22.
Istikhomah, D., & Asrori. (2019). Pengaruh Literasi Terhadap Kepercayaan Muzaki Pada Lembaga Pengelola Zakat Dengan Akuntabilitas Dan Transparansi Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Economic Education Analysis Journal, 2(1), 18–23.
Jaffer, M. A. (2022). Zakat Charity and Wealth Distribution An Agent-Based Computational Model. International Journal of Zakat, 7(1), 63–74.
Krisnanda. (2016). Pengaruh Gaya Hidup Masyarakat Terhadap Pembayaran Zakat (Studi Kasus di Dusun Dabag, Desa Condong Catur). Universitas Islam Indonesia, 1–23. https://dspace.uii.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/7085/08 naskah publikasi.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=12
Maulana, N. (2023). Preferensi Objek Zakat Fase Klasik dalam Aklimatisasi Hukum dan Problematika Fikih Kontemporer. Jurnal Hukum Islam Dan Ekonomi, 12(1), 28–49. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47766/syarah.v11i2.1503
Maulana, N., Safwan, & Zulfahmi. (2023). Eksplorasi Problematika dan Model Alternatif Optimalisasi Zakat di Indonesia Era Perekonomian Modern. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi Akuntansi (JIMEKA), 8(1), 115–127. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jimeka.v8i1.23592
Nightingale, A. (2009). A Guide to Systematic Literature Reviews. Surgery Oxford, 27(9), 381–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpsur.2009.07.005
Razak, A. R. binti A. (2022). What Do We Know About Investment of Zakat Fund? A Systematic Literature Review. Venture Capital, 7(2), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2022.2086502
BAZNAS RI. (2024a). BAZNAS Bersama Bappenas, Kemenag, BWI Dorong Peran Zakat dan Wakaf Untuk Pembangunan Nasional. Humas BAZNAS RI. https://baznas.go.id/news-show/BAZNAS_bersama_Bappenas,_Kemenag,_BWI_dorong_Peran_Zakat_dan_Wakaf_untuk_Pembangunan_Nasional/2082#:~:text=Kiai Noor menyebutkan dari potensi,capaian dari potensi zakat ini.
BAZNAS RI. (2024b). Optimalkan Potensi Zakat, BAZNAS Dorong Pentingnya Dukungan UPZ di Lembaga Pemerintahan. Humas BAZNAS RI. https://baznas.go.id/news-show/Optimalkan_Potensi_Zakat,_BAZNAS_Dorong_Pentingnya_Dukungan_UPZ_di_Lembaga_Pemerintahan/2063
Rohim, A. N. (2020). Relevansi Nilai Dasar Bela Negara Dengan Pembayaran Zakat dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Pribadi. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 26(3), 293. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.55254
Sahroni, O., & Yahya, D. (2023). Bagaimana Content Creator Menunaikan Zakatnya? Republika. https://www.republika.id/posts/37730/bagaimana-content-creator-menunaikan-zakatnya
Salsabila, S., & Hosen, M. N. (2022). Analisis Pengukuran Indeks Literasi Zakat Pada Masyarakat Kota Tangerang Selatan. JES (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah), 7(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.30736/jesa.v7i1.194
Saprida. (2016). Zakat Profesi Menurut Pandangan Yusuf Qardhawi. Ekonomi Shariah; Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pengembangan Ekonomi Syariah, Vol. 2, No. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.36908/esha.v2i1.92
Shihab, M. Q. (1994). Membumikan Al Qur’an, Fungsi dan Peran Wahyu Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat. Mizan.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Syafiq, A. (2016). Urgensi Peningkatan Akuntabilitas Lembaga Pengelola Zakat. Ziswaf, 3(1), 18–38. http://journal.iainkudus.ac.id/index.php/Ziswaf/article/view/2281
Syafitri, O. Y., Wildan, N., Huda, N., & Rini, N. (2021). Tingkat Religiusitas dan Pendapatan: Analisis Pengaruh Terhadap Keputusan Membayar Zakat, Infaq dan Shadaqah. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 7(1), 34. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v7i1.1915
Tuli, M. R. &, & Kau, S. A. P. (2018). Studi Metodologi Fikih Zakat Profesi dalam Perspektif Yusuf al-Qardhawi. Al-Mizan; Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Islam, Vol. 14, N. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.30603/am.v14i2.837
Umatin, C. (2020). Pemikiran Fikih Kontemporer Zakat Profesi. Al-Iqtishady: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, Vol. 1, No.
Utami, P., Basrowi, & Nasor, M. (2021). Innovations in the Management of Zakat in Indonesia in Increasing Entrepreneurial Interest and Poverty Reduction. IJISH (International Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities), 4(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.26555/ijish.v4i1.1960
Wahid, N. A., & Hamdani. (2021). Zakat Profesi (Perspektif Fiqh Klasik dan Kontemporer). AL-HISAB: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 1(2), 45–62.
