Determinan Simpanan Dana Pihak Ketiga Bank Syariah: Adakah Dampak Turbulansi Ekonomi?
Abstrak
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak turbulansi ekonomi, pembiayaan syariah, ukuran bank, permodalan, dan profitabilitas terhadap dana pihak ketiga. Penelitian ini menggunakan data triwulanan sepuluh bank syariah di Indonesia mulai 2017 – 2022. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis data panel, dengan model terpilih adalah random effect. Hasil membuktikan bahwa turbulansi ekonomi berdampak buruk terhadap dana pihak ketiga bank syariah. Permodalan bank berdampak negatif terhadap penghimpunan dana pihak ketiga, sementara pembiayaan syariah mendorong peningkatan dana pihak ketiga bank syariah. Penelitian tidak menemukan adanya pengaruh signifikan ukuran bank dan profitabilitas terhadap penghimpunan dana. Pengaruh turbulansi ekonomi terhadap dana pihak ketiga bank juga berlaku ketika digunakan pertumbuhan produk domestik bruto (PDB) sebagai pengganti variabel dummy krisis. Pertumbuhan PDB terbukti secara signifikan berdampak positif terhadap dana pihak ketiga bank syariah. Temuan ini memiliki implikasi praktis bahwa Pemerintah dan Bank Indonesia perlu menjaga stabilitas pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Manajemen bank syariah perlu menjaga ketersediaan dana pihak ketiga agar sejalan dengan kebutuhan pembiayaan. Penelitian ini mendukung teori siklus bisnis berkaitan dengan dampak negatif turbulansi ekonomi terhadap aktivitas bisnis bank.
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