Studi Islam di Barat Kontemporer
Abstract
Tulisan ini membahas tentang perkembangan kajian Islam di Barat, khususnya di Amerika Utara, di zaman kontemporer. Dimulai dengan bagaimana kajian Islam atau dalam hal ini Islamic Studies yang diposisikan sebagai bagian dari Orientalisme. Belakangan, dimunculkan istilah “Post-Orientalisme” sebagai respon sarjana Barat terhadap perdebatan Orientalisme. Saat ini, Studi Islam di Barat, khususnya di Amerika, selain menunjukkan orientasi-orientasi dan metode-metode yang baru, juga masih menggunakan orientasi dan metode yang lama. Ada kecenderungan positif interaksi antara yang lama dan yang baru, antara teks dan konteks.
References
Muhamad Ali, “Dinamika Islam dan Amerika”, Prisma, Vol 29, No. 4, Oktober 2010
Albert Hourani, Islam in European Thought, 1991; Carl Ernst & Richard Martin, “Introduction: Towards a Post-Orientalist Approach to Islamic Religious Studies”, Carl Ernst & Richard Martin, eds, Rethinking Islamic Studies: From Orientalism to Comopolitanism (South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press, 2010), hal. 2-3.
Bill Ashcroft and Hussein Khadim, eds, Edward Said and the Post-Colonial (New York: Nova Science, 2001).
Bernard Lewis, “the Question of Orientalism”, The New York Review of Books, 24 Juni 1982.
Lihat Daniel Martin Varisco, Reading Orientalism: Said and the Unsaid (University of Washington Press, 2007).
Dalam Bill Ashcroft and Pal Ahluwalia, Edward Said (London and New York: Routledge, 1999), hal. 152-153.
Richard Martin, ed., Approaches to Islam in Religious Studies, 1985.
Omid Safi, ‘Reflections on the State of Islamic Studies’, http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/16269/reflections-on-the-state-of-islamic-studies akses terakhir 18 Agustus 2015.
Lihat juga Mark C. Tylor, ed., Critical for Religious Studies (Chicago and London: the University of Chicago press, 1998); Daniel Pals, Nine Theories of Religion (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2014)
Ernst and Martin, “Introduction”, hal. 8.
Bruce Lawrence, “Afterword Competing Genealogies of Muslim Cosmopolitanism”, Carl Ernst and Richard Martin, eds, Rethinking Islamic Studies, hal.305.
The State of Islamic Studies in American Universities”, edited volume, the International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT), http://iiit.org/iiitftp/PDF’s/Islamic-Studies.pdf akses terakhir 18 Agustus 2015; lalu diterbitkan Ed. Mumtaz Ahmad et al, eds, Observing the Observer: the State of Islamic Studies in American (IIIT, 2012).
Charles Kurzman and Ijlal Naqwi, “Who are the Islamists?”, in Carl Ernst and Richard Martin, Retinkhing Islamic Studies, hal. 133-53.
Richard Martin, ed, Approaches to Islam Religious Studies (Oneworld, 1985) dan Retinkhing Islamic Studies: From Orientalism to Cosmopolitanism (2010).
Talal Asad, On Suicide Bombing (Columbia University Press, 2007)
Charles Taylor, Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition (Princeton University Press, 1994).
Lihat Hamid Dabashi, Post-Orientalism: Knowledge and Power in Time of Terror (Transaction, 2008).
Arndt Graf kini professor kajian Asia Tenggara di University of Frankfurt, menulis tentang media dan komunikasi, “Structural Orientalism, Contested Orientalism, Post-Orientalism: A Case Study of Western Framings of ‘Violence in Indonesia’”, dalam Arndt Graf, Schirin Fathi, Ludwig Paul, Orientalism & Conspiracy: Politics and Conspiracy Theory in the Islamic World (London & New York: I.B Tauris, 2011), hal. 141-163.
Marcia Hermansen, “The Academic Study of Sufism at American University”, The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences, 24:3, 2007, hal. 24-45.
Hasan Hanafi, Muqaddimah fi Ilm al-Istighrab, 1992; Tayyib Tijaini, Min al-Isytisyriq al-Gharbi ila al-Istighrab al-MAghriby, 1996.
Lihat juga Roma Ulinnuha, “Occidentalism in Indonesia: A Study of Intellectual Ideas of Mukti Ali and Nurcholish Madjid and Contemporary Legacy”, Esensia, vol. XII, No. 1, January 2011.
