Decrease Levels of Mercury (Hg2+) using Vetiver Plants (Vetiveria zizanioides) in Mining Waste at Mandailing Natal Regency
Abstract
Fitoremediasi merupakan salah satu metode penanganan lahan tercemar akibat pertambangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penanaman tanaman vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) terhadap fitoremediasi limbah pertambangan yang tercemar merkuri (Hg) di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal untuk mengurangi dampak pencemaran lingkungan akibat aktivitas pertambangan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama tiga bulan di Rumah Kaca FMIPA Universitas Negeri Medan dan Laboratorium Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Kota Medan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Jumlah kombinasi perlakuan terdiri atas 4 variasi paparan limbah dengan 2 kali pengulangan pengujian kandungan merkuri pada tanaman. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh tanaman vetiver mampu menyerap logam merkuri pada media tanam yang dikontaminasi dengan limbah asli pertambangan paling tinggi sebesar 7,1045 mg/Kg dan sebesar 15,68 mg/Kg pada kontaminasi limbah sintetik selama 12 hari pemaparan. Dengan bertambahnya waktu fitoremediasi, tanaman akar wangi (Vetiveria zizanioides) mampu mengakumulasi lebih banyak logam berat merkuri (Hg) yang terdapat di dalam tanah.
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