Environmental Destruction As A Weapon of War: A Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Perspective
Abstrak
Kerusakan lingkungan sebagai taktik perang merupakan tantangan kompleks dalam hukum internasional. Penelitian ini mengkaji hubungan antara Hukum Humaniter Internasional (IHL) dan Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia Internasional (IHRL) dalam menangani dampak ekologis perang, menyoroti konsep “environcide” sebagai pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif, data meliputi instrumen hukum seperti Konvensi ENMOD, Konvensi Jenewa, dan Statuta Roma maupun literatur lainnya yang relevan. Pendekatan secara statute approach dan studi kasus konflik di Vietnam, Ukraina-Rusia, dan Gaza. Analisis digunakan secara deskriptif-kualitatif dengan kaca mata critical legal studies. Hasil studi ini mengungkap ketimpangan struktural dan dinamika kekuasaan yang menghambat penegakan hukum. Selain itu juga peluang untuk menyelaraskan IHL dan IHRL melalui mekanisme akuntabilitas yang diperkuat, pengakuan environcide, dan reformasi hukum partisipatif guna mendukung perlindungan lingkungan yang lebih adil dan berkelanjutan selama dan setelah konflik.
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