IMPLEMENTATION OF TAFSIR MAQASIDI (A Study of Prohibition Verses About Syuhada As a Dead People)
Abstract
The interpretation of death’s theme in the Qur’an immediately stagnated when mufassir discuss it in eschatolical topic. It can be talked again in academic discourse by starting to look for the maqasid behind a verse by reading the context and the historical relations that surround it. Therefore, this study will apply tafsir maqasid as a theory to interpret the verses of death related with escatological theme, in this case QS. Al-Baqarah/2: 154 and QS. Ali ‘Imran/3: 169. Most mufassir commented on these verses according to explicit text whitout trying to identificate to other interpretation; that the Believers who fight for Allah will live in other world. Through this research, it is found other alternative interpretation; that these verses are not only explain about how syuhada live after die but also state indicate the importance of protecting religion even sacrificing one’s life. Besides that, it is also conluded that death is a part of God’s pleasure.
References
Abdad, M. Zaidi. “Ijtihad Umar Ibn Khattab: Telaah Sosio-Historis atas Pemikiran Hukum Islam. Istinbanth: Jurnal Hukum Islam. vol. 13, no. 1 (2014).
Amrullah, Abdulmalik Abdulkarim. Tafsir Al-Azhar. Singapura: Pustaka Nasional PTE LTD. t.th.
Auda, Jasser. Maqasid Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law. London: IIIT. 2007.
Al-Baihaqi>, Ah{mad ibn al-H{usain ibn ‘Ali> ibn Mu>sa> Abu> Bakr. Al-Sunan al-Kubra>. Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah. 1424 H.
Al-Bukha>ri>, Muh{ammad ibn Isma>’i>l Abu> ‘Abdulla>h. S{ah{i>h al-Bukha>ri>. t.tp: Da>r T{awq wa al-Naja>h. 1442 H.
Bushiri, Muhammad. “Tafsir al-Qur’an dengan Pendekatan Maqa>shid al-Qur’a>n Perspektif Thaha Jabir al-‘Alwani” Tafsere. vol. 7. no. 1. 2019.
Al-Damaski>, Abu> al-Fida>’ Isma>’i>l ibn Umar ibn Kasi>r al-Qarasyi>. Tafsi>r al-Qur’a>n al-‘Az{i>m, Juz II. Cet. 2; t.tp: Da>r al-T{aubah li al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzi>’. 1420 H.
El-Atrash dan Qaid, The Maqa>sidic Approach in Tafsir: Problems in Definition and Characteristics”, Jurnal Qur’anica. vol. 5. no. 2. Malaysia: Universitas Malaya. 2013.
el-Atrash, Ridwan Jamal dan Abdo Khalid, Al-Jaz{u>r al-Ta>rikhiyyah li al-Tafsi>r al-Maqa>s{idi> li al-Qur’a>n al-Kari>m. Majallah al-Isla>m fi> Asiya>h. no. 1 (2011).
Gill, Moeshe. Jews in Islamic Countries in the Middle Ages. Leiden: Boston. 2004.
Gill, Sam D. “Non Literate Traditions and Holy Books” dalam Frederick M. Denny & Rodney L. Taylor. eds. The Holy Book in Comparative Perspective. Columbia. University of South Carolina Press. 1993.
Hamam, Zaenal dan A. Halil Thahir. “Menakar Sejarah Tafsir Maqa>shidi>”. Qaf. vol. 2. no. 1. Januari 2018.
Harb, Ali. Al-Nas{ wa al-Haqi>qah: Al-Naqd al-Nas{. Beirut: Markas al-‘Arabi>. 1995.
Ibnu Hisyam, Muhammad Abdul Malik. Al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah li Ibn Hisyām. terj. Fadhli Bahri. Sirah Nabawiyah ibn Hisyam. Jakarta: PT Darul Falah. 2018.
Ibnu ‘Ar, Muh{ammad al-T{a>hir. Maqa>s{id al-Syari>’ah al-Islamiyyah (Qatar: Wiza>rah al-Auqa>f wa al-Syu’u>n al-Islamiyyah. 2004.
Al-Ifriqi>, Muh{ammad ibn Mukarram ibn ‘Ali> ibn Ah{mad ibn Manz{ur ibn al-Ans{a>ri>. Lisa>n al-‘Ara>b. Cet. III; Beirut: Da>r al-S{adr. 1414 H.
Al-Jābirī, Muh{ammad ‘Ābid. Madkhal ila> al-Qur’ān al-Karīm:al-Juz al-Awwal fī al-Ta’rīf bi al-Qur’ān. Cet. I; Beirut: Markaz Dirāsah al-Waḥdah al-‘Arabiyyah. 2006.
-AlJauziyah, Ibnu Qayyim. Al-Ru>h terj. Kathur Suhardi. Roh. Cet. II; Jakarta: Pustaka al-Kausar. 2012 M.
Al-Kailani>, Abdurrahman Ibra>him Zaid. Qawa>’id al-Maqa>s{i>d ‘inda al-Syat{ibi>. Damaskus: Da>r al-Fikr. 2000.
Kementerian Agama. Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahnya. Bekasi: Cipta Baru Segara. 2012.
Khoiriyyah. Metodologi Studi Islam: Suatu Konsep tentang Seluk Beluk Pemahaman Ajaran Islam, Studi Islam dan Isu-isu Kontemporer dalam Studi Islam. Sleman: Teras, 2013.
Kuntowijoyo. Penjelasan Sejarah (Historical Explanation). Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana. 2008.
Miskahuddin. “Kematian dalam Perspektif Psikologi Qur’ani”. Al-Mu’ashirah. vol. 16. no. 1. Januari 2019.
Al-Mubarakfuri, Syaikh Shafiyyurrahman. Al-Rahi>q al-Makhtu
Murtiningsih. “Hakikat Kematian Menurut Tinjauan Tasawuf”. Intizar. Vol. 19. no. 2. 2013.
Mustaqim, Abdul. “Argumentasi Keniscayaan Tafsir Maqashidi sebagai Basisi Moderasi Islam”. Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar. Yogyakarta: UIN Sunan Kalijaga. 16 Desember 2019.
Mustofa, Agus. MenyelamiSamudera Jiwa dan Ruh. Bandung: Padma Press. 2006.
Al-Naisa>bu>ri>, Muslim Ibn al-H{ajja>j Abu> al-H{asan al-Qusyairi>. Al-Musnad al-S{ah{i>h al-Muktas{ar bi Naql al-‘Adl ila> Rasu>lilla>h S{allalla>h ‘Alaih wa Sallam. Beirut: Da>r Ih{ya>’ al-Tura>s al’Arabi>. t.th.
Al-Qardawi, Yusuf. Dira>sah fi> Fiqh al-Maqa>s{idi>. Cairo: al-Maktabah al-Wahbiyyah. 1996).
Qol’ahji, Muh. Rawwas. Sirah Nabawiyah: Sisi Politis Perjuangan Rasulullah. Bogor: Al-Azhar Press. 2014.
Al-Ra>zi>, Ah{mad ibn Fa>ris ibn Zakariyyah al-Qazwi>ni>. Mu’jam Maqayi>s al-Lugah. Beirut: Da>r al-Fikr. 1399 H.
Rahman, Fazlur. Tema-Tema Pokok al-Qur’an. Bandung: Pustaka. 1996.
Robin. Sosiologi Hukum: Telaah Sosio-Historis Pemikiran Imam Syafi’I . Malang: UIN Malang Press. 2008.
Sardaraz, Khan dan Roslan bin Ali.” Conceptualisation of Death Resurrection in the Holy Qur’an: A Cognitive-Semantic Approach”. Journal of Nusantara Studies. Vol. 1. no. 12. Desember 2016.
Setiadi, Ozi. “Kematian dalam Perspektif al-Qur’an”. Jurnal al-Ashriyyah. Vol. 4. no. 1. Oktober 2017.
Shihab, M. Quraish. Kaidah Tafsir: Syarat, Ketentuan, dan Aturan yang Patut Anda Ketahui dalam Memahami Ayat-Ayat al-Qur’an. Tangerang: Lentera Hati. 2010.
______, M. Quraish. Tafsir Al-Misba>h Pesan Kesan dan Keserasian al-Qur’an. Cet. I; Jakarta: lentera Hati. 2002.
Al-Sijista>ni>, Abu> Da>wud ibn Sulaima>n ibn al-Asy’as ibn Ish}a>k ibn Basyi>r. Sunan Abi> Da>wud. Beirut: Maktabah al-‘As{riyyah. t.th.
Al-Sya>t{ibi>, Abu> Ish{a>q. Al-Muwa>faqa>t fi> ‘Us{u>l al-Syari>’ah. Beirut Da>r al-Kutub ‘Ilmiyyah. 2005.
Al-Syaiba>ni>, Abu> ‘Abdulla>h Ah{mad ibn Muh{ammad ibn H{anbal. Musnad al-Ima>m Ah{mad ibn Hanbal. Juz 4. Beirut: Muassash al-Risa>lah. 1421 H.
Syamsuddin, Sahiron. ed. Metodologi Penelitian Living Qur’an dan Hadis. Sleman: Teras, 2007.
Syarifuddin, Amir. Pembaharuan Pemikiran dalam Islam. Padang: Angkasa Raya. 1993.
Al-Tirmizi>, Muh{ammad ibn ‘I ibn Saurah ibn Mu>sa> ibn al-D{ahha>k. Al-Ja>mi’ al-Kabi>r: Sunan al-Tirmizi>. Beirut: Da>r al-Garb al-Islami>. 1998.
Umayah. “Tafsir Maqashidi: Metode Alternatif dalam Penafsiran al-Qur’an” Diya al-Afkar. vol. 4, no. 1. Juni 2016.
Wahyudi,Yudian. Ushul Fiqh versus Hermeneutika. Cet. V; Wonosari: Pesantren Nawesea Press. 2007.
Wartoyo. “Konsep Naskh dalam Teori Hukum Mahmud Muhammad Thaha”. Mahkamah: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam. vol. 1. no. 2. 2016.
Zaid, Must{afa>. Mas{a>lah fi al-Tasyri’ al-Isla>mi> wa Najamuddi>n al-T{u>fi>. Cairo: Da>r al-Fikr al-‘Arabi>. 1964.
Al-Zarqa>ni>,Muh{ammad ‘Abdul ‘Az{i>m. Mana>hil al-‘Irfa>n fi> ‘Ulu>m al-Qur’a>n. Beirut: Da>r al-Fikr. 1998.
Al-Zuh}aili>, Wahbah bin Mus}t}afa>. al-Tafsi>r al-Muni>r fi> al-‘Aqi>dah wa as-Syari>‘ah wa al-Manhaj. Cet. III; Damaskus: Da>r al-Kufr al-Ma‘a>sir. 1418 H.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3)Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
