FENOMENA FRAUD BUMN: DUA KAPAL SATU NAKHODA (STUDI KASUS PT GARUDA INDONESIA TBK - PT SRIWIJAYA AIR)
Abstract
Penelitian ini adalah untuk membahas persoalan rangkap jabatan dewan direksi pada PT.Garuda Indonesia di PT. Sriwijaya Air. KPPU menduga, rangkap jabatan ini akan menimbulkan masalah dalam persaingan usaha tidak sehat (monopoli pasar). Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan suatu penjelasan dari permasalahan rangkap jabatan yang melibatkan direktur utama PT. Garuda Indonesia serta menjelaskan mengapa kasus ini di tutup oleh KPPU. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi tinjauan literatur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Direktur Utama PT Garuda yang merupakan eks petinggi PELINDO III juga memiliki jabatan di Sriwijaya Air sebagai Komisaris Utama. Namun, pada akhirnya tuntutan KPPU ini ditutup, karena setelah dipanggilnya pihak-pihak yang terkait dan menteri BUMN, KPPU mendapatkan bahwa rangkap jabatan ini merupakan arahan dari pemerintah (BUMN) yang juga sebagai pemegang saham mayoritas.
Kata kunci: BUMN, KPPU, Garuda Indonesia, Sriwijaya Air, Dewan Komisaris.
This study is to discuss the issue of concurrent positions on the board of directors at PT. Garuda Indonesia at PT. Sriwijaya Air. KPPU suspects that this dual position will cause problems in unfair business competition (market monopoly). This study aims to provide an explanation of the problem of multiple positions involving the president director of PT. Garuda Indonesia and explained why this case was closed by the KPPU. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature review study method. The results of this study indicate that the President Director of PT Garuda who is a former high-ranking PELINDO III also has a position at Sriwijaya Air as the President Commissioner. However, in the end, the KPPU's claim was closed, because after the summons of the relevant parties and the minister of SOEs, KPPU found that this concurrent position was a directive from the government (BUMN) which is also the majority shareholder.
Keywords: BUMN, KPPU, Garuda Indonesia, Sriwijaya Air, Board of Commissioners
References
Banks, E. 2004. Corporate Governance: Financial Responsibility, Controls and Ethics.
Baysinger, Palgrave Macmillan, Barry dan Robert E. Hoskisson. 1990. The Composition of Boards of Directors and Strategic Control: Effects on Corporate Strategy. The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 15, No. 1 pp. 72-87
Board Charters, Australian Institue of Company Directors 2011
Kartika, Pascal Zechariah R. 2016. Analisis Penerapan Good Corporate Governance dalam Formulasi Strategi PT. Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta.
Laporan Tahunan PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk: One Family Nation Garuda Indonesia. 2018. https://www.garuda-indonesia.com › AR-Garuda-Indonesia-2018-FINAL_Low
Liao, C dan Hsu, A,W. 2013. Common Membership and Effective Corporate Governance: Evidence from Audit and Compensation Committee. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 21 (1)
Maulida, Riza. 2015. Dua Tubuh Satu Kepala, Rangkap Jabatan Petinggi BUMN (Corporate Governance Working Paper). Universitas Gadjah Mada. Research Gate. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4273.1046.
Pedoman Umum Good Corporate Governance Indonesia, KNKG 2006.
Petra, T. Steven. 2005. Do Outside Independent Directors Strengthen Corporate Boards?. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, Vol. 5 Iss 1 pp.55-64.
Shleifer, A. dan R. Vishny. 1997. A Survey of Corporate Governance. Journal of Finance. 52(2): 737-783.
Zarkasyi, Moh. Wahyudin. (2008). Good Corporate Governance Pada Badan Usaha Manufakturing; Perbankan Dan Jasa Keuangan Lainnya. Bandung : Alfabeta. (https://scholar.google.co.id/citations?user=e2jJsRAAAAAJ&hl=en
UNDANG-UNDANG DAN PUTUSAN
Keputusan Menteri Badan Usaha Milik Negara Nomor : Kep-117/M-Mbu/2002 Tentang Penerapan Praktek Good Corporate Governance Pada Badan Usaha Milik Negara (Bumn) Menteri Badan Usaha Milik Negara (jdih.bumn.go.id › lihat › KEP-117 › M-MBU › 2002)
Komite Nasional Kebijakan Governance. Pedoman Umum Good Corporate Governance Indonesia. 2006. (www.ecgi.org › codes › documents › indonesia_cg_2006_id)
Pasal 108 Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007. Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas. (www.hukumonline.com)
Pasal 110 dan 111 UU PT Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1995 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas. (http://hukum.unsrat.ac.id/uu/uu_1_95.htm)
Peraturan Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) Nomor 7 Tahun 2009 tentang Pedoman Jabatan Rangkap Sesuai Ketentuan Pasal 26 Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 Tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli Dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat. (www.kppu.go.id › docs › Pedoman › perkom_pasal26)
Undang-Undang Nomor 8 tahun 1997 tentang Dokumen Perusahaan yang menggantikan ketentuan serupa yang di atur dalam Pasal 6 Kitab Undang- undangHukum Dagang (KUHD).(http://hukum.unsrat.ac.id/uu/uu_8_97.htm)
Undang-undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat. (www.kppu.go.id › docs › UU_No.5.pdf)
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 9 Tahun 1969 Tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang No.1 Tahun 1969 (Lembaran Negara Tahun 1969 No. 16;Tambahan Lembaran Negara No. 2890) Tentang Bentuk-Bentuk Usaha Negara Menjadi Undang-Undang (https://ngada.org/uu9-1969.htm)
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2003 Tentang Badan Usaha Milik Negara (http://hukum.unsrat.ac.id/uu/uu_19_03.htm)
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 33 Tahun 1945 tentang perekonomian. (https://luk.staff.ugm.ac.id › atur › UUD1945)
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas (www.hukumonline.com)
WEBSITE :
https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20190703100814-92-408591/kppu-lanjutkan-penyelidikan-rangkap-jabatan-dirut-garuda (diakses 22 Desember 2020)
https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20190701205930-92-408088/dirut-garuda-diminta-bersiap-lepas-jabatan-di-sriwijaya-air (diakses 22 Desember 2020)
https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20190701202512-92-408084/rangkap-jabatan-dirut-garuda-terancam-denda-maksimal-rp25-m (22 Desember 2020)
https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20190701153540-92-408040/dirut-garuda-penuhi-panggilan-kppu-soal-rangkap-jabatan (22 Desember 2020)
https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20190212092746-92-368422/kppu-selidiki-rangkap-jabatan-bos-garuda-di-sriwijaya-air (22 Desember 2020)
https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20190826190608-92-424794/kppu-setop-penyelidikan-rangkap-jabatan-direksi-garuda (22 Desember 2020)
https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20190715173805-92-412314/kppu-panggil-menteri-bumn-soal-rangkap-jabatan-direksi-garuda (22 Desember 2020)
https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/market/20190928153226-17-102889/pecah-kongsi-citilink-akhirnya-resmi-gugat-sriwijaya-air (22 Desember 2020)
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Under the following terms of Creative Commons:
-
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
-
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
