EFEKTIVITAS INTERVENSI BRISK WALKING: LITERATURE REVIEW
Abstract
Introduction: Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior contribute greatly to an increase in the burden of non-communicable diseases. One of the recommended exercises for increasing physical activity is brisk walking. This exercise is more accessible and acceptable than other forms of physical activity training. Methods: Literature search was conducted on 4 database; PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and ProQuest. Articles reported in English for the last 5 years, brisk walking related to various health problems in patients and article published in randomized control trial. Results: A total of 729 articles were supported from four database searches and only 9 articles met the inclusion criteria. Some of the benefits that have proven to be effective evidence-based are to reduce fatigue levels especially in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and high-level industrial workers. Effectively controlling blood pressure and reducing other cardiovascular risks. Other effectiveness such as prevention of postural disorders and reducing the risk of falling, increasing the ability and endurance to walk (exercise tolerance) by up to 45%. The effects of using brisk walking has it has to 2 months to 6 months after exercise. Conclusion The benefits of this exercise are primarily in reducing cardiovascular risk (including hypertension and blood sugar levels). This exercise is also recommended for anyone and is not required to be performed at home.
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Ketidakaktifan fisik dan perilaku menetap (Sedentary Behavior) berkontribusi besar pada peningkatan beban penyakit tidak menular. Salah satu latihan yang direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas fisik adalah brisk walking (jalan cepat). Latihan ini lebih mudah diakses dan diterima dibandingkan bentuk latihan aktivitas fisik lainnya. Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada 4 database; PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect dan ProQuest. Artikel yang dilaporkan dalam bahasa Inggris selama 5 tahun terakhir, brisk walking terkait dengan berbagai masalah kesehatan pada pasien dan artikel yang diterbitkan dalam uji kontrol acak (Randomized Control Trial). Hasil: Sebanyak 729 artikel yang diidentifikasi dari ke empat pencarian database dan hanya 9 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Berdasarkan 9 artikel yang telah dianalisis, beberapa manfaat yang telah terbukti efektif berdasarkan evidence based adalah untuk mengurangi tingkat kelelahan terutama pada pasien dengan kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi dan pekerja industri tingkat tinggi. Efektif mengontrol tekanan darah dan mengurangi risiko penyakit kardiovaskular lainnya. Efektivitas lain seperti mencegah penurunan stabilitas postural dan mengurangi risiko jatuh, meningkatkan kemampuan keseimbangan dan daya tahan berjalan (toleransi olahraga) hingga 45%. Efek penggunaan brisk walking setidaknya menunjukkan efektivitas pada 2 bulan hingga 6 bulan setelah latihan. Kesimpulan: Manfaat latihan ini terutama pada pengurangan risiko kardiovaskular (termasuk hipertensi dan kadar gula darah). Latihan ini juga dianjurkan bagi siapa saja dan direkomendasikan untuk dapat dilakukan di rumah.
Downloads
References
WHO. Fact sheets on sustainable development goals: health targets [Internet]. Denmark: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe; 2017. Available from: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/350278/Fact-sheet-SDG-NCD-FINAL-25-10-17.pdf?ua=1
WHO. Health statistics and information systems [Internet]. 2016. Available from: https://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/en/
WHO. United Nations high-level meeting on noncommunicable disease prevention and control [Internet]. 2011. Available from: https://www.who.int/nmh/events/un_ncd_summit2011/en/
Gowshall M, Taylor-Robinson SD. The increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases in low-middle income countries: the view from Malawi. Int J Gen Med [Internet]. 2018;11. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6029598/
WHO. Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health [Internet]. 2010. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44399/9789241599979_eng.pdf?sequence=1
González K, Fuentes J, Márquez JL. Physical Inactivity, Sedentary Behavior and Chronic Diseases. Korean J Fam Med [Internet]. 2017;38(3). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451443/
Yang YJ. An Overview of Current Physical Activity Recommendations in Primary Care. Korean J Fam Med [Internet]. 2019;40(3). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6536904/
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans 2nd edition [Internet]. 2018. Available from: https://health.gov/sites/default/files/2019-09/Physical_Activity_Guidelines_2nd_edition.pdf
Public Health England. 10 minutes brisk walking each day in mid-life for health benefits and towards achieving physical activity recommendations Evidence summary [Internet]. 2017. Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/639030/Health_benefits_of_10_mins_brisk_walking_evidence_summary.pdf
CDC. Benefits of Physical Activity [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/basics/pa-health/index.htm
Manivannan, Prabhusaran, Sundhararajan, Elangovan. Effectiveness of Yoga and Brisk Walking On Blood Sugar among Hypertensive Men. Int J Innov Sci Eng Technol [Internet]. 2016;3(1). Available from: http://ijiset.com/vol3/v3s1/IJISET_V3_I1_37.pdf
Chen CK, Ismail NS, Syafi AA Al. Effects of brisk walking and resistance training on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and lipid profiles among overweight and obese individual. ournal Phys Educ Sport [Internet]. 2016;16(3). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308898452_Effects_of_brisk_walking_and_resistance_training_on_cardiorespiratory_fitness_body_composition_and_lipid_profiles_among_overweight_and_obese_individuals
Rossi AP, Rubele S, Pelizzari L, Fantin F, Morgante S, Marchi O, et al. Effects of Brisk Walking on Physical Performance and Muscle Function in Community Dwelling Elderly Women. J Gerontol Geriatr Res [Internet]. 2017;6. Available from: https://www.longdom.org/open-access/effects-of-brisk-walking-on-physical-performance-and-muscle-function-in-community-dwelling-elderly-women-2167-7182-1000399.pdf
Manivannan, Prabhusaran, Elangovan. Effect of yogic practices and brisk walking on anxiety among hypertensive men. Int J Med Heal Res. 2015;1(5).
Okubo Y, Osuka Y, Jung S, Rafael F, Tsujimoto T, Aiba T, et al. Walking can be more effective than balance training in fall prevention among community‐dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2016;16(1).
Taylor D. The Literature Review: A Few Tips On Conducting It. Writing Advice. 2020.
Frandsen TF;, Eriksen MB. The impact of PICO as a search strategy tool on literature search quality: A systematic review. J Med Libr Assoc. 2018;106(In press):420–31.
Santos CM da C, Pimenta CA de M, Nobre MRC. The PICO strategy for the research question construction and evidence search. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2007;15(3):508–11.
Huang H-P, Wen F-H, Yang T-Y, Lin Y-C, Tsai J-C, Shun S-C, et al. The effect of a 12-week home-based walking program on reducing fatigue in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy: A randomized controlled study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2019;99.
Chan AWK, Chair SY, Lee DTF, Leung DYP, Sit JWH, Cheng HY, et al. Tai Chi exercise is more effective than brisk walking in reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults with hypertension: A randomised controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2018;88.
Gába A, Cuberek R, Svoboda Z, Chmelík F, Pelclová J, Lehnert M, et al. The effect of brisk walking on postural stability, bone mineral density, body weight and composition in women over 50 years with a sedentary occupation: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Womwns Heal. 2016;16.
Wu L-L, Wang K-M, Liao P-I, Kao Y-H, Huang Y-C. Effects of an 8-Week Outdoor Brisk Walking Program on Fatigue in Hi-Tech Industry Employees: A Randomized Control Trial. Workplace Health Saf. 2015;63(10).
Blain H, Jaussent A, Picot M-C, Maimoun L, Coste O, Masud T, et al. Effect of a 6-Month Brisk Walking Program on Walking Endurance in Sedentary and Physically Deconditioned Women Aged 60 or Older: A Randomized Trial. J Nutr Heal Aging. 2017;21(10).
Bernard PL, Blain H, Tallon G, Ninot G, Jaussent A, Picot MC, et al. Influence of a brisk walking program on postural responses in sedentary older women: a randomised trial. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2018;30(5).
Sun W, Ma X, Wang L, Zhang C, Song Q, Gu H, et al. Effects of Tai Chi Chuan and Brisk Walking Exercise on Balance Ability in Elderly Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Hum Kinet J. 2018;23(1).
Abdullah MR, Eswaramoorthi V, Musa RM, Maliki ABHM, Kosni NA, Haque M. The Effectiveness of Aerobic Exercises at difference Intensities of Managing Blood Pressure in Essential Hypertensive Information Technology Officers. J Young Pharm [Internet]. 2016;8(4). Available from: http://www.jyoungpharm.org/article/912
Renjith V. Review papers Blinding in Randomized Controlled Trials : What researchers need to know ? Manipal J Nurs Heal Sci. 2017;3(1).
Akobeng AK. Understanding Randomised Controlled Trials. Arch Dis Child. 2005;90:840–4.
Hariton E, Locascio JJ. Randomised controlled trials—the gold standard for effectiveness research. BJOG [Internet]. 2018;125(13). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6235704/pdf/nihms966617.pdf
Saxena P, Prakash A, Acharya AS, Nigam A. How to design and conduct a Randomised Controlled Trial? Indian J Med Spec [Internet]. 2012;3(2). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233721604_How_to_design_and_conduct_a_Randomised_Controlled_Trial
WHO. Global Recommendations on Physical Activity fo Health. 2010.
American Heart Association. Warm Weather Fitness Guide : Your Path to Heart Health. 2012.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Benefit of Physical Activity. Physical Activity. 2020.
Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Kesehatan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
