REKONTEKSTUALISASI HUKUM PERNKAHAN BEDA AGAMA DAN STATUS ANAKNYA DI INDONESIA

  • Andi Rezal Juhari Hukum Tatanegara
    (ID)
  • Asni
    (ID)
  • Kurniati
    (ID)

Abstract

This articel discusses how the law and status of marriage differs from religion to child according to Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia. Beginning with a lot of polemics about the marriage of different religions and the status of her children. Especially when the government closed the gap through a Constitutional Court ruling and prohibited judges from accepting applications for registration of non-religious marriages. Then it is necessary to reconstruct the law in order to harmonize the Islamic law with the positive law as a solution to the problem.

 This type of research is empirical normative research with a juridical, normative and sociological approach. Technical data collection through literary studies and interviews with contemporary South Sulawesi scholars. The analysis technique used is qualitative analysis.

 The results of the study show that marriages between different religions are legally prohibited, while in Islamic law, contemporary scholars have a khilafist status. So, the form of recontextualization is; 1). The law of different religious marriages today in Indonesia should be permitted with a record in emergency, and marriage that has continued can still be cancelled but must take into account the condition of the child; 2). The marriage status of a child of a different religion can only be passed on to a parent of a new religion, except for a child from a marriage of different religion is permitted; 3. The rights of children from marriages of different religions must be fulfilled by the State and the people around them as well as children in general.

 The implication of this study is that the government should make changes to the Compilation of Islamic Laws which contains the provisions of marriage of different religions strengthened with the PERMA that contains guidelines for judges to approve marriages of different faiths of an emergency nature. As well as revoking SEMA No. 2 of 2023 for indicating discriminatory occurrences in society.

References

Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahnya, Kementerian Agama RI, Pustaka Al-Zikra.
Abdullah, Abu Muhammad Muwa>fiquddin, bin Quda>mah al-Jama>ili al-Maqa>s}id Ad-Damasyki al-Han>bali, Al-Mugni Libni Quda>mah Juz VII, Kairo : Makta>bah al-Qa>hirah, 1968.
An-Na’im, Abdullah Ahmed, Toward and Islamic Reformation : Civil Liberties, Human Right, and International Law, terj. Ahmad Suaedy dan Amiruddin ar-Rany, Yogyakarta : IRCiSoD, 2016.
Ahmad, Abul Abbas bin Muhamamd al-Khalwatia As-S{awi al-Ma>liki. Bulgatus Sa>lik li Aqra>bi al-Masa>lik Ha>syiah as-S}a>wi ‘ala> Syarhis S}a>gir Juz II, D>arul Ma’a>rif.
Dahwal, Sirman, Hukum Perkawinan Beda Agama dalam Teori dan praktiknya di Indonesia, Bandung : Mandar Maju, 2017.
Eoh, O.S. Perkawinan antar Agama dalam Teori dan Praktek, Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 1996.
Ghazaly, Abdul Rahman, Fiqh Munakahat, Jakarta: Cet. VII. Prenada Media Group, 2019.
Ismail, Muhammad bin. Subulussala>m Syarh Bulu>g al-Mara>m min Jam’ Adillati al-Ahka>m Juz III-IV, Beirut-Lebanon: Da>r Al-Kutub Al-‘Ilmiyah, 2019.
Imtihanah, Anis Hidayatullah, Memahami Teori Hukum : Percikan Pemikiran Ilmu Hukum Lintas Madzhab pada Sub Judul : Arah Baru penelitian HAM dan Hukum Islam Kontemporer Perspektif Abdullah Ahmad Al-Na’im, Yogyakarta: Cet. I. Q. Media, 2022.
Mulia, Siti Musdah. Muslimah Reformis: Perempuan Pembaharu Keagamaan Bandung: Mizan, 2005.
Mulia, Siti Musdah, Menafsir Ulang Pernikahan Lintas Agama, dalam Tafsir Ulang Pernikahan Lintas Agama Perspektif Perempuan dan Pluralisme, Jakarta: Kapal Perempuan, 2004.
al-Jiza>ni, Muhammad bin Husa>in, Fiqh al-Nawa>zil Dira>sah Ta’S{iliyyah Tat|biqiyyah Juz I, Saudi Arabiah : Da>r Ibn al-Jau>zi, 2006.
Zahro, Ahmad. Fiqih Kontemporer Buku I, Jombang : Unipdu Press, 2016.

Jurnal
Aslami, Airis, dkk. “Keabsahaan Perkawinan Beda Agama Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Perkawinan dan Hukum Islam”, Ulil Albab : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin 2 No. 10 (2023).
Isman, dkk. “Penelitian Hukum Empiris Berbasis Teori Maqashid Syariah Jasser Auda”, Al-Afkar: Journal for Islamic Studies 6 No. 4 (2023).
Oktavia, Elysa Nur, dkk. “Dispensasi Pernikahan Beda Agama Menurut Perspektif Mazhab”, Comparativa 4 No. 1 (2023).
Ulummudin dan Azkiya Khikmatiar, “Pernikahan Beda Agama dalam Konteks Keindonesiaan (Kajian Terhadap QS. Al-Baqarah: 221, QS. Al-Mumtahanah: 10 dan QS. Al-Maidah: 5)”, Jurnal Mafatih : Jurnal Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir 1 No. 2 (2021).
Panjalu, Gandhug Fajar, “Pendampingan terhadap Anak Sebagai Korban kekerasan Seksual Perspektif Fikih Anak Muhammadiyah” Jurnbal Mas Mansyur 1 No. 2 (2023).
Rovanno, Detto Kharisma, dkk. “Analisis Yuridis Pengesahan Perkawinan Beda Agama dalam putusan Nomor 916/Pdt.P/2022/PN.Sby” Jurnal Private Law Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram 3 No. 2 (2023).
Tarantang, Jefry, dkk, “Filosofi ‘Illat Hukum dan Maqashid Syariah dalam Perkawinan Beda Agama”, Jurnal Studi Agama dan Masyarakat 19 No. 1 (2023).

Peraturan
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan.
Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan.
Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak.
Keputusan Presiden Nomor 1 Tahun 1991 tentang Kompilasi Hukum Islam
Mahkamah Agung RI, Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 tentang Petunjuk Bagi Hakim dalam Mengadili Perkara Permohonan Pencatatan Perkawinan antar Umat yang Berbeda Agama dan Kepercayaan.

Artikel, Skripsi, Tesis
Duljalil, “Pemikiran Siti Musdah Mulia tentang Pernikahan Beda Agama”, Tesis (Semarang: Pascasarjana Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo, 2018).
Mahiro, Zulfa., “Pemikiran Hukum Keluarga Muhammad Quraish Shihab (Analisis Studi tentang Diskursus Perkawinan Beda Agama), Skripsi (Purwokerto: Universitas Islam Negeri Prof. KH. Sifuddin Zuhri, 2023).
Wijaya, Endra, “Keabsahan Status Hukum Anak yang dilahirkan dari Perkawinan Beda Agama Ditinjau dari KuhPerdata”, Skripsi (Jambi: Universitas Batanghari, 2023).

Putusan-Putusan
Mahkamah Konstitusi RI, Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 68/PUU-XII/2014 Pengajuan terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan.
Mahkamah Konstitusi RI, Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 24/PUU-XX/2022 Pengujian terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan.
Website
CRIN: Child Rights International Network, https://archive-crin-org.translate.goog/en/library/legal-database/un-declaration-rights-child-1959.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=id&_x_tr_pto=tc, diakses Pada Hari Rabu, 6 September 2023.
Detiknews, https://news.detik.com/berita/d-6796892/ini-dasar-hukum-pn-jakpus-izinkan-nikah-beda-agama-pasangan-islam-katolik, diakses pada Jumat, 25 Agustus 2023.
Jawa Pos, https://kaltimpost.jawapos.com/utama/20/07/2023/tren-perkawinan-tidak-seagama-meningkat-setiap-tahun-ma-larang-hakim-catat-nikah-beda-agama.
Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia, https://kemenag.go.id/kolom/larangan-hakim-menetapkan-perkawinan-beda-agama-beSC4, (Diakses Pada Jumat, 18 Agustus 2023).
Kumparan.com, https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/putusan-pn-jakpus-kabulkan-nikah-beda-agama-picu-polemik-20iKWNNTzhL/2, diakses pada Jumat, 25 Agustus 2023.
Mpr.go.id, https://www.mpr.go.id/berita/Yandri-Susanto-:-MA-Harus-Batalkan-Putusan-PN-Jakarta-Pusat-yang-Membolehkan-Nikah-Beda-Agama, diakses Pada Jumat, 25 Agustus 2023
Republika.com, https://rejabar.republika.co.id/berita/rxmal4396/putusan-nikah-beda-agama-digugat-ke-ma, diakses pada Jumat, 25 Agustus 2023.
CRIN: Child Rights International Network, https://archive-crin-org.translate.goog/en/library/legal-database/un-declaration-rights-child-1959.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=id&_x_tr_pto=tc, diakses Pada Hari Rabu, 6 September 2023
Published
2023-12-31
Section
Artikel
Abstract viewed = 109 times