Amputasi Ekstremitas Atas Akibat Luka Bakar Listrik : Laporan Kasus
Abstrak
Amputasi adalah pembedahan yang melibatkan pemotongan sebagian atau seluruh anggota badan atau beberapa hasil pertumbuhan abnormal dari tubuh. Prevalensi amputasi sekitar 1,6 juta pada tahun 2005 di Amerika Serikat dan akan meningkat dua kali lipat sebesar 3,6 juta pada tahun 2050. Penyebab utama amputasi ekstremitas atas adalah trauma yaitu sekitar 80% terutama pada orang dewasa muda dengan insiden amputasi akibat trauma luka bakar listrik sekitar 2% (terutama transradial dan transhumeral). Efek arus listrik bergantung pada jenis arus, voltase, daya tahan jaringan, kekuatan arus, jalur yang dilalui arus melalui tubuh, durasi kontak, dan kerentanan individu. Individu yang menjalani amputasi ekstremitas atas membutuhkan rehabilitasi secara komprehensif oleh dokter, fisioterapis, terapis okupasi, ahli prostesis, dan psikolog. Program rehabilitasi yang tepat dan prostesis yang nyaman (termasuk pemeliharaan panjang ekstremitas) bertujuan pada rekonstruksi prostesis. Selain program rehabilitasi, teknik amputasi yang tepat juga dapat memfasilitasi individu pada proses pemulihan secara fungsional.
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