ANALISIS BERAT JENIS DAN OSMOLALITAS URIN SELAMA SUPLEMENTASI LARUTAN ELEKTROLIT PADA PEKERJA DENGAN PAJANAN PANAS
Abstract
Background. Heat exposure in workplace is one of potential hazard that could harmed to workers especially for their urinary tract system. This study examined the effects of electrolyte water solution in laundry worker’s urinary density and osmolality in heat stress environment. Methods. Wet bulb globe temperature, and relative humidity were measured. Seventy workers divided in two groups of thirty five were given isotonic and hypotonic electrolyte solution ad libitum respectively. Fluid intake during working and breaktime were measured. Two samples of urine were taken from each worker at 10 am and 15 pm of working. At the end of study the amount of water consumed were observed. Result. Low consuming water was found after study at average 400 ml – 1100 ml/ 4 working hour. There were no significant differences in urinary density between the groups (U = 608,00, and p-value 0,954). However, a majority of workers were coming to work in a moderately hypohydrated state (average urinary density 1.026). Conclusions. This study found that "involuntary dehydration" occurred in laundry workers, which has implications for heat stress standards that do not make provision for full fluid replacement during heat exposure.
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang. Suhu tinggi dapat menjadi pemicu kelelahan tenaga kerja selain akibat postur kerja statis. Pada sistem organ, pajanan panas dapat berdampak pada fungsi ginjal dan keseimbangan cairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pajanan panas pada berat jenis urin dan osmolalitas. Metode penelitian. Penelitian ini memiliki desain eksperimen dengan double blind. Responden dipilih secara purposif dari sejumlah 90 pekerja. Intervensi dilakukan dengan memberikan larutan elektrolit hipotonik dan isotonik. Pemberian larutan elektrolit dilakukan selama jam kerja secara ad libitum. Pengambilan sampel urin dilakukan dua kali yaitu pukul 10.00 dan 15.00. Hasil. Pengukuran sampel menunjukkan adanya low consuming water setelah 4 jam bekerja. Rata-rata konsumsi cairan sebanyak 400 ml – 1100 ml selama 4 jam. Analisis statistik dengan Mann-whitney menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antar dua kelompok perlakuan (U = 608,00, and p value 0,954). Sebagian besar responden berada dalam keadaan hypohydrated state ( BJ urin 1,026 ). Simpulan. Sebagian besar responden berada dalam keadaan dehidrasi yang tidak disadari (involuntary dehydration). Kondisi ini memiliki risiko terhadap kecelakaan kerja akibat pajanan panas. Kondisi ini juga disebabkan tidak terpenuhinya penggantian cairan dari larutan elektrolit yang disediakan
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