KONSEPTUALISASI UTILITAS BERDASARKAN TRILOGI VITRUVIUS DI DALAM ARSITEKTUR
Abstract
Abstrak_ Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih dalam konsep utilitas (fungsi) berdasarkan trilogy Vitruvius di dalam arsitektur. Studi ini menggunakan kajian pustaka dengan fokus studi yaitu pada pandangan dan perspektif ahli, tokoh arsitek, serta hasil artikel ilmiah yang membahas ataupun menyebutkan konsep utilitas (fungsi) dalam arsitektur yang kemudian akan diramu untuk menggali pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai konsep utilitas dalam arsitektur. Sumber kajian pustaka yang digunakan yaitu buku dan artikel ilmiah yang relevan dengan fokus studi. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa konsep utilitas atau fungsi dalam arsitektur tidak terbatas pada dimensi fisik atau material semata sebagaimana dijabarkan Vitruvius. Konsep utilitas merupakan hasil dari interaksi antara lingkungan dan kebutuhan manusia. Dalam konsep fungsi, terdapat dua aspek kritis yang perlu dipahami yaitu aspek internal mencakup fungsi fisik, psikologis, struktural, dan aktivitas dan aspek eksternal mencakup fungsi ekonomi, estetika, budaya, sosial, ekspresi dan sejarah. Kedua aspek tersebut fokus pada peningkatan kualitas hidup. Fungsi dalam arsitektur tidak hanya mempengaruhi kualitas hidup, tetapi juga menghubungkan elemen-elemen esensial untuk menciptakan karya arsitektur yang dianggap ideal dari perspektif manusia. Terdapat hubungan intrinsik antara utilitas, venustas dan firmitas yang membentuk esensi dari utilitas atau fungsi arsitektur itu sendiri.
Kata kunci: Utilitas dalam Arsitektur; Kajian Literatur; Aspek Internal dan Eksternal
Abstract_ This study aims to delve deeper into the concept of utility (function) based on Vitruvius's trilogy in architecture. The research employs a literature review, focusing on the perspectives of experts, architects, and findings from scholarly articles discussing or mentioning the concept of utility (function) in architecture. These insights are then synthesized to gain a more profound understanding of the concept of utility in architecture. The literature review draws from relevant books and scholarly articles aligned with the study's focus. The study's results indicate that the concept of utility or function in architecture extends beyond mere physical or material dimensions, as outlined by Vitruvius. Utility is the result of the interaction between the environment and human needs. In the concept of function, two critical aspects need to be understood: internal aspects encompassing physical, psychological, structural, and activity-related functions, and external aspects covering economic, aesthetic, cultural, social, expressive, and historical functions. Both aspects focus on enhancing the quality of life. Function in architecture not only influences the quality of life but also connects essential elements to create architectural works considered ideal from a human perspective. There is an intrinsic relationship between utility, venustas, and firmitas that shapes the essence of architectural utility or function itself.
Keywords: Utility in Architecture, Literature Review, Aspect Internal and External
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