Career Women in Maslahah Mursalah Perspective
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research aims to know the career women in the perspective of maslahah mursalah in Rappocini District, Makassar City. This research is field-based qualitative research and uses a normative theological (syar'i) research approach. The sources of research data are primary data and secondary data. Data collection methods used such as: observation, interviews, documentation and reference searches. The results of this study indicate that first, the profile of a career woman has a dual role; besides being a housewife, she also has a career by working outside the home. As long as they can carry out their obligations as a wife/mother to their husbands and children, maintain and respect the husband's status as the head of the family and the work is in line with Islamic values. The second, Meanwhile women have the right to work outside the home as long as they get permission from their husbands and do not disturb the harmony of their families. A solid religious education supported by a strong economy will result a prosperous and harmonious family. The third, as the maslahah mursalah view, three legal provisions allow a married woman in a career, a woman with no financial support is allowed to become a career woman, in this case, called daruriyyat.
الملخص
وهذه الدراسة تتمثل يف الدراسة النوعية القائمة على البحث امليداين، وتنتهج املدخل الالهويت املعياري أو الشرعي، وأما مصدر بياانهتا فنوعان: مصدر رئيسي، ومصدر اثنوي، حيث مت جتميع هذه البياانت عن طريق مالحظات ومقابالت وتوثيق ومتابعة للمراجع املكتبية، وأما األسلوب الذي مت به تنظيم هذه البياانت فيكون أبربع خطوات، وهي: اختصار البياانت، وعرضها، وحتقيقها، واستنتاجها .ودلت نتائج الدراسة على ما أييت: 1 )أن املرأة العاملة تلعب دورين: تدير املنزل، والعمل خارج البيت، وذلك ما أهنا قادر ة على القيام بواجباهتا األساسية حنو زوجها وأوالدها مع احرتامها لزوجها حيث تعمل خارج البيت أعماال ال ختالف الشريعة، 2 )أن احلجة اليت تستدل هبا امل رأة للخروج يف العمل خارج البيت هي اإلذن من زوجها و كان خروجها ال يعكر انسجام األسرة، فإن الرتبية الدينية القوية إذا عززها االقتصاد املتني ستؤدي إىل رفاهية األسرة وانسجامها، 3 )أن موقف املصلحة املرسلة من خروج املرأة للعمل يتمثل يف ثالثة شروط، أوهلا: أن ليس هناك من ينفق عليها، ففي هذه احلالة جيوز هلا اخلروج للعمل ألهنا تكون يف حالة ضرورية، واثنيها: أن خترج املرأة للعمل من أجل مساعدة زوجها يف زايدة الدخل األسري وخروجها هذه احلالة حتسيين، واثلثها: أهنا إذا خرجت للعمل على نية إسقاط مكانة زوجها كقائد األسرة، فخروجها يف هذه احلالة حمظور و هذا ما يطلق عليه اسم احلاجيات.
كلمات مفتاحية: نساء ، مهنة ، مصلحة مرسلة
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui wanita karir dalam perspektif maslahah mursalah di Kecamatan Rappocini Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif berbasis lapangan dan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian normatif teologis (syar'i). Sumber data penelitian adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan antara lain: observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan pencarian referensi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pertama, profil wanita karir memiliki peran ganda; selain sebagai ibu rumah tangga, ia juga berkarir dengan bekerja di luar rumah. Sepanjang mereka dapat menjalankan kewajibannya sebagai istri/ibu terhadap suami dan anak-anaknya, menjaga dan menghormati status suami sebagai kepala keluarga dan pekerjaannya sejalan dengan nilai-nilai Islam. Kedua, perempuan berhak bekerja di luar rumah sepanjang mendapat izin dari suaminya dan tidak mengganggu keharmonisan keluarganya. Pendidikan agama yang kokoh didukung oleh ekonomi yang kuat akan menghasilkan keluarga yang sejahtera dan harmonis. Ketiga, menurut pandangan maslahah mursalah, ada tiga ketentuan hukum yang membolehkan wanita yang sudah menikah berkarir, wanita yang tidak memiliki dukungan finansial diperbolehkan menjadi wanita karir, dalam hal ini disebut daruriyyat.
Kata Kunci: Wanita; Karir; Maslahah Mursalah
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