Upaya Ibn Rusyd Mempertemukan Agama dan Filsafat
Abstract
This article investigates Ibnu Rushd’s attempt in reconciliation the dichotomy of religion and philosophy, revelation and reason. At least, there are three ways to deal with it: Firstly, providing a different task area for revelation and reason. Revelation is associated with metaphysical issues, and information of life in the hereafter, whereas ratio is related to the physical problems and nowdays life. Secondly, reconciling the methods used to, according to Ibn Rushd, the rational method of burhani (demonstrative) used in the philosophical sciences can also be used to analyze the religious sciences. Likewise, the primary premises can be generated not only by rational analysis but also by the texts of revelation, so that the results of religious analysis are as valid as philosophical rational analysis. Thirdly, integrating the goals of achievement; revelation and reason, religion and philosophy are both invited and want to reach the truth, if religion and philosophy have the same goal that is the truth. The truth one can not be in contradiction with the other truth.
References
Ahwani, Fuad, “Ibn Rushd”, dalam MM Sharif, A History of Muslim Philosophy, I, New Delhi, Low Price Publications, 1995
Aqqad, Abbas M., Ibn Rusyd, Mesir: Dar al-Ma`arif, tt.
Bayumi, Abd al-Mukti, Al-Falsafah al-Islâmiyah min al-Masyriq ilâ al-Maghrib, III, Kairo, Dar al-Thaba’ah, 1991
Chejne, Anwar, Muslim Spain Its History and Culture, Minneapolis, University of Minneapolis Press, 1974
Dunya, Sulaiman, “Muqaddimah”, dalam Ibn Rusyd, Tahâfut al-Tahâfut, I, Mesir, Dar al-Fikr, tt.
Ernest Renan, Ibn Rusyd wa al-Rusydiyah, terj. dari bahasa Prancis ke Arab oleh Adil Zu`atir, Kairo: Isa Babi al-Halabi, 1957
Fakhry, Majid, A History of Islamic Philosophy, London, Longmann, 1983
______, Sejarah Filsafat Islam Sebuah Peta Kronologis, terj. Zainul Am, Bandung, Mizan, 2001
Fakhuri, Hanna al-, Târîkh al-Falsafah al-Arâbiyah, II, Beirut: Dar al-Ma`arif, 1958
Ibn Abi Usaibi`ah, Uyûn al-Anbâ’ fî Thabaqât al-Atibbâ’, III, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, tt
Ibn Rusyd, “Al-Kasyf `an Manâhij al-Adillah fî `Aqaid al-Millah” dalam Falsafah Ibn Rusyd, Beirut, Dar al-Afaq, 1978
______, Tahâfut al-Tahâfut, II, ed. Sulaiman Dunya, Mesir: Dar al-Maarif, tt
______, “Fashl al-Maqâl” dalam Falsafah Ibn Rusyd, Beirut, Dar al-Afaq, 1978
Imarah, “Muqaddimah” dalam Ibn Rusyd, Fashl al-Maqâl , Mesir: Dar al-Ma`arif, tt.
______, Al-Mâdiyyah wa al-Mitsâliyyah fî Falsafah Ibn Rusyd, Mesir: Dar al-Ma`arif, tt
Lucas, Henry S, Sejarah Peradaban Barat Abad Pertengahan, terj. Budiawan, Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana, 1993
Madkur, Ibrahim, Fî Falsafah al-Islâmiyah, II, Mesir, Dar al-Ma’arif, tt
Nasr, Husein, Intelektual Islam: Teologi, Filsafat dan Gnosis, terj. Suharsono, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 1996
Qasim, Mahmud, Falsafah Ibn Rusyd wa Atsâruhâ fî al-Tafkîr al-Gharbî, Kortum: Jami`ah Umm Durban, 1968
Shidiq, Abdullah, Islam dan Filsafat, Jakarta: Triputra Masa, 1984
Urvoy, Dominique, Ibn Rusyd (Averroes), terj. dari bahasa Prancis ke Inggris oleh Oliovia Stewart, London, Rouletge, 1991
Uwaidah, Kamil, Ibn Rusyd al-Andalusi Failusûf al-Arabî wa al-Muslimîn, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub, 1991.
Watt, Montgomery, the Influence of Islam on Medieval Europe, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1972