EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN PICTURE EXCHANGE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM (PECS) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA EKSPRESIF PADA ANAK DOWN SYNDROME
Abstract
Abstrak
Kemampuan berbicara ekspresif anak down syndrome sangat terbatas karena komunikasi nonverbal yang terlalu aktif. Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) merupakan salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk membantu meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara ekspresif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan penerapan Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) terhadap kemampuan berbicara ekspresif anak down syndrome. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah satu orang anak down syndrome dengan karakteristik memiliki usia 7-12 tahun, dan kemampuan menyebutkan kosa kata di bawah lima. Penelitian ini menggunakan single-case experimental design pola A-B-A dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil pretest dan posttest. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Pictute Exchange Communication System (PECS) efektif meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara ekspresif responden, yaitu bertambah enam jumlah kosakata yang mampu diucapkan setelah 17 kali diberikan PECS. Penelitian ini menjadi alternatif bagi orang tua dan guru dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara ekspresif dengan menggunakan PECS dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Abstract
The ability to speak expressively down syndrome children is very limited due to overactive nonverbal communication. Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is one of the methods that can be used to help improve expressive speech skills. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) on the expressive speech ability of down syndrome children. Participants in this study numbered one down syndrome child with characteristics aged 7-12 years, and the ability to mention vocabulary under five. This study used a single case experimental design with A-B-A pattern with observation and documentation data techniques. The data analysis technique used qualitative descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing was done by comparing the results of the pretest and posttest. Hypothetical test results showed that the application of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) effectively improved the respondent's expressive speech ability, which increased the number of vocabulary that was able to be spoken after 17 times given by PECS. This study is an alternative for parents and teachers in improving expressive speaking skills by using PECS in daily activity.
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References
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