LEGALISASI NIKAH SIRRI MELALUI ISBAT NIKAH MENURUT KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM
Abstract
Pengadilan Agama sesuai dengan tugas pokok dan fungsinya yaitu menerima, memeriksa, mengadili dan menyelesaikan perkara yang diajukan kepadanya sesuai kompetensi yang ditentukan dalam ketentuan perundang-undangan. Salah satu kompetensi absolut Pengadilan Agama adalah perkara permohonan isbat nikah terhadap pernikahan sirri. Tulisan ini menfokuskan pada upaya legalisasi nikah sirri melalui isbat nikah berdasarkan Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Untuk melihat lebih detil permasalahan ini, penulis melakukan penelitian dengan merujuk pada laporan tahunan putusan perkara untuk berbagai kasus pengajuan isbat nikah untuk nikah sirri di empat lembaga Pengadilan Agama di Sulawesi-Selatan yaitu Makassar, Sungguminasa, Takalar, dan Watampone. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaku nikah sirri yang mengajukan pennohonan isbat nikah pada Pengadilan Agama dalam wilayah Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Makassar adalah pernikahan sirri yang terjadi dengan alasan: (1) fikih sentris dan kurangnya pemahaman mengenai pentingnya pencatatan; (2) silariang; (3) kelalaian imam; (4) pelaksanaan perkawinan di muka pejabat yang tidak berwenang untuk melaksanakan perkawinan; (5) pernikahan di luar negri. Melihat alasan-alasan tersebut, Majelis Hakim pada Pengadilan Agama dalam wilayah Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Makassar melegalkan pernikahan sirri melalui isbat nikah dengan pertimbangan: (1) maslahat; (2) pasal 7 ayat 3 huruf (e) Kompilasi Hukum Islam; (3) pencatatan perkawinan tidak mengurangi keabsahan perkawinan; (4) Yurisprudensi Mahkamah Agung RI Nomor 1776 K/PDT/2007; (5) pernikahan sirri tanpa muatan konflik ; (6) pendekatan qauli.
ABSTRACT
The main tasks and functions of Religious Courts in Indonesia are to receive, to examine, to adjudicate and to resolve appropriate cases in accordance with their specifically legal competencies. One of their absolute competences is to deal with isbat nikah (marital legalization) againts nikah sirri (marriage in secrecy). This paper will particularly focus on the efforts to obtain marital legalization on sirri marriage based on Kompilasi Hukum Islam (Compilation of Islamic Law). To see more details of these problems, the author has conducted research with particular reference to the annual reports of the verdicts on various cases of marital lagalization on sirri marriage at Religious Courts in four municipalities in South Sulawesi, namely Makassar, Sungguminasa, Takalar, and Watampone. The research result shows that the doers of sirri marriage who lodge applications of marital legalization at Religious Courts within the jurisdiction of the High Court of South Sulawesi, are mostly belonging into certain circumstances such as; (1) being fiqh centric and lack of understanding of the importance of record-keeping of their marriage; (2) silariang (runaway marriage), (3) negligence of the imam (Muslim priest), (4) the performance of marital ceremony by an unauthorized person; and (5) overseas marriage. Based on these reasons, the Judges at Religious Courts within the jurisdiction of the High Court of South Sulawesi legalize the sirri marriage considering the applications of marital legalization by looking at; (1) maslahah (public interests); (2) Article 7 Paragraph 3 Letter (e) of the Compilation of Islamic Law; (3) marital records does not diminish the validity of the marriage; (4) jurisprudence of the Supreme Court Decree No. 1776 K/PDT/2007; ( 5 ) sirri marriage without any conflict; and (6) qauli (saying) approach.
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