PROSPEK PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Abstract
Tulisan ini membahas masalah perbankan yang merupakan bagian dari kajian fiqhi muamalah yaitu suatu hal yang mengatur hubungan manusia dengan sesamanya baik dari segi hukum, ketertiban, dan keadaan secara perorangan maupun pemasyarakatan, antara lain hukum kekeluargaan. hukum sipil, hukum perdata ketatanegaraan, hukum internasional dan hukum ekonomi (mengatur hak-hak seorang pekerja dan orang yang mempekerjakannya serta mengatur sumber keuangan negara dan pendistribusiannya bagi kepentingan dan kesejahteraan rakyat. Dalam ekonomi Islam etika dalam ekonomi menjadi pegangan dalam kegiatan ekonomi dan berjalan sesuai prinsip-prinsip, kodrat dan aturan hukum yang ada. Prinsip-prinsip itu, yaitu, antara lain, prinsip otonomi. Dalam prinsip ekonomi Islam juga terdapat ketentuan bahwa dalam melakukan suatu bidang usaha (muamalah) harus selalu diwarnai dengan nilai-nilai hukum, sebab dari sanalah awalnya sah dan tidaknya suatu transaksi yang dibolehkan dalam ajaran agama. Seluruh transaksi yang terjadi boleh mengandung unsur yang haram dan harus dijauhi, sebab sangsinya adalah dosa (neraka) yang jelas-jelas dapat merugikan diri dan masyarakat. Dengan demikian perlu adanya etika dan prinsip dalam melakukan kegiatan ekonomi ekonomi dalam masyarakat, baik dalam tataran individual maupun bermasyarakat dan bernegara.
ABSTRACT
This article will explore the issue of banking as one of fiqhi muamalah subjects. Fiqhi muamalah may cover regulations on human relation within the subjects of laws, regulations and condition of both individuals and societies, which may include family laws, civil laws, national laws, international laws, economic laws and many others, which are related to the needs and welfare of the society. In Islamic economics, ethics plays a significant role and has to be taken into account on every economic activity, and be based on Islamic principles and legal rules. One of the principles is autonomy. In Islamic economic principle, it is also outlined that all economical activities has to be based on the values of Islamic laws, because they are the main sources to decide whether or not such an economical activity is legalized and allowed. It is also in this principle that all transactions should not contain forbidden (haram) ingredients. If that happens, the transactions have to be avoided because it is believed to be evil and harmful to the self and the community. Any one happens to get involved in such a transaction, may be treated as a sinner. Thus, there is a need to the approved ethics and principles in doing economic activities for the sake of both individuals and societies.
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