TEOLOGI ASWAJA NAHDHATUL ULAMA DI ERA MODERN : Studi atas Pemikiran Kyai Hasyim Asy’ari
Abstract
Artikel ini mengelaborasi teologi ahlu sunnah wal jamaah yang kemudian disingkat menjadi aswaja dalam konteks kemodernan yang sekaligus merupakan karakter dari organisasi NU dan khususnya di bawah kepemimpinan Kyai Hasyim Asy’ari. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analisis dengan menggambarkan obyek penelitian yang sebenarnya dan menganalisis fakta-fakta yang ditemukan. Pergumulan Kyai Hasyim dalam menawarkan pemikiran-pemikiran segar tampak dalam upaya mendialogkan pemikiran teologi Islam dalam kehidupan modern terutama dalam menghadapi imperialisme. Perbedaan pandangannya dengan kelompok modernis yang tergambar dalam upayanya untuk membersihkan tradisi umat Islam pada waktu itu yang dianggap sudah melenceng dari koridor ajaran Islam. Inilah salah satu alasan kemunculan NU sebagai organisasi yang mewadahi kepentingan kelompok tradisional. NU di bawah kepemimpinan Kyai Hasyim mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat dalam berbagai hal. Misalnya dalam upaya memodernisasi pengelolaan lembaga pendidikan Islam, ekonomi, dan dalam aspek politik, NU menerapkan teori menolak sambil menerima terhadap imperialisme. Menolak dalam arti tidak secara prontal, tetapi menerima tidak dengan apa adanya.
ABSTRACT
This article elaborates theological insights of ahlu sunnah wal jamaah, further shortened as aswaja, in the context of modernity as the character of Nahdhatul Ulama (NU) organization under the leadership of Kyai Hasyim Asy’ari. This article will apply descriptive-analysis method by describing the actual research object and by analyzing the findings. The activities of Kyai Hasyim in delivering his fresh thoughts were apparently seen in his efforts to share his Islamic theological insights in this modern world against imperialism. The difference of his thought from the other modernist movement during his life time might be seen from the latter’s perspective towards Muslim tradition at that time, which the latter considered such tradition as having deviated from the true teachings of Islam. NU was then established in order to defend these sorts of practices and to fulfill the needs of traditional organizations. NU under the leadership of Kyai Hasyim had shown a significant progress and impact within Muslim community at that time. In its efforts to modernize the management of its educational, economic and political institutions, NU applied the theory of refusing but receiving imperialism. This means that NU softly refused to fully deal with imperialism, while at same time, it partly received the idea with criticism.
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