THE LEVEL OF STUDENTS’ METACOGNITION THINKING DURING ONLINE LECTURES IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Abstract
Abstract:
During the pandemic, the lectures conducted online tend to make the students not serious about attending the lectures. The absence of direct supervision from lecturers is one of the reasons why this can occur. Thus, the researchers assume that the level of students’ metacognition who follow the online lectures is still low. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the level of students’ metacognition during online lectures that have been carried out. The researchers used a qualitative-descriptive research approach with online form filling method. The research subjects were 120 students who had taken online courses for at least 8 meetings or 2 months. The results showed that 83 students were at the lowest metacognition level (Tacit Use), while the students who were at the highest level of metacognition were 2 students (Reflective Use). Thus, it is inferred that the students’ metacognition level during the online lectures is still very low.
Abstrak:
Selama pandemi, perkuliahan dilaksanakan secara online, hal ini mengakibatkan adanya kecenderungan mahasiswa menjadi tidak serius menghadiri perkuliahan. Tidak adanya pengawasan langsung dari dosen menjadi salah satu penyebab hal tersebut bisa terjadi. Dengan demikian peneliti berasumsi bahwa tingkat metakognisi mahasiswa yang melaksanakan perkuliahan secara online juga akan menurun. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis level metakognisi mahasiswa selama perkuliahan online yang telah dilaksanakan. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode pengisian form online. Subjek penelitian adalah 120 mahasiswa yang telah mengikuti kuliah online minimal 8 kali pertemuan atau 2 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 83 mahasiswa berada pada tingkat metakognisi terendah (Tacit Use). Sedangkan siswa yang berada pada level metakognisi tertinggi sebanyak 2 siswa (Reflective Use). Dengan demikian peneliti dapat menyimpulkan bahwa tingkat metakognisi mahasiswa selama perkuliahan online masih sangat rendah.Downloads
References
Adiarto, A. (2017). Differences in the Effects of Learning Metacognition Through Inquiry Methods and Problem-Based Methods on Improving Understanding of Social Studies Concepts and Students’ Critical Thinking Skills (Study of Quasi Experiments in Class VII of SMP Negeri 2 Me. Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial, 26(1), 8–17. https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/jpis/article/download/6931/pdf.
Berizzi, G., Di Barbora, E., & Vulcani, M. (2017). Metacognition in the e-Learning environment: A successful proposition for inclusive education. Journal of E-Learning and Knowledge Society, 13(3), 47–57. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20368/1971-8829/1381.
Binti Abu Bakar, A. (2019). The Implementation of ICT-Based Materials and Metacognition Learning Strategy to Improve Students’ Vocabulary. Journal of ELT Research, 4(2), 165–177. https://doi.org/10.22236/JER.
Borelli, E., & Cacciari, C. (2019). The Comprehension of Metaphorical Descriptions Conveying Gender Stereotypes: An Exploratory Study. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02615.
Casey, L., & Hallissy, M. (2014). Live Learning : Online Teaching , Digital Literacy and the Practice of Inquiry. Irish Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 1(1), 1–7. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/eef3/2deb74db7ad1ba7d13de07ff067888253c14.pdf.
Cera, R., Mancini, M., & Antonietti, A. (2014). Relationships between Metacognition, Self-efficacy and Self-regulation in Learning. ECPS - Educational, Cultural and Psychological Studies, 1(7), 115–141. https://doi.org/10.7358/ecps-2013-007-cera.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. In Educational Research, 4. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004.
Desoete, A. (2019). Mathematics and metacognition in adolescents and adults with learning disabilities. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 2(1), 82–100. https://www.iejee.com/index.php/IEJEE/article/view/259.
Duangnamol, T., Supnithi, T., Srijuntongsiri, G., & Ikeda, M. (2018). Computer-Supported Meta-reflective Learning Model via mathematical word problem learning for training metacognition. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 13(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-018-0080-1.
Dunn, L. S., Lewis-Kipkulei, P., & Bower, R. (2019). Metacognition of First Year Occupational Therapy Students: A Comparison of Entry-Level Degrees. Journal of Occupational Therapy Education, 3(4). https://doi.org/10.26681/jote.2019.030401.
Düzeylerİnİn, Ü., Yaşam, V. E., & İncelenmesİ, D. (2018). Investigation of the Metacognition Level and Life Satisfaction of the University Students Studying in Preschool Teaching and Child Development Programs. Life Skills Journal of Psychology, 2(4), 345–359. https://openaccess.izu.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12436/1535.
Efklides, A. (2014). How does metacognition contribute to the regulation of learning? An integrative approach. Psihologijske Teme, 23(1), 1–30. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/70a5/51583c5b837082806368784f65011d90a7f7.pdf.
Esterhuysen, S., & Stanz, K. J. (2014). Locus of Control and Online Learning. Journal of Industrial Psychology, 30(1), 63–71. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1148622.pdf.
Gunawan, Suranti, N. M. Y., & Fathoroni. (2020). Variations of Models and Learning Platforms for Prospective Teachers During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period. Indonesian Journal of Teacher Education, 1(2), 61–70. https://doi.org/orcid.org/0000-0001-8546-0150.
Hidayati, V. R., Wulandari, N. P., Maulyda, M. A., Erfan, M., & Rosyidah, A. N. K. (2020). Mathematics Literacy of Primary School Teacher Candidates in Solving PISA Problems in Shape & Space Content. JPMI: Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif, 3(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v3i3.p%25p.
Jabusch, H. C. (2016). Setting the stage for self-regulated learning instruction and metacognition instruction in musical practice. Frontiers in Psychology, 7(8), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01319.
Klosterman, P. J. (2017). dentification and Establishment of Social and Sociomathematical Norms Associated with Mathematically Productive Discourse. Libraries. https://research.libraries.wsu.edu/xmlui/handle/2376/12113.
Lai, Y., Zhu, X., Chen, Y., & Li, Y. (2015). Effects of mathematics anxiety and mathematical metacognition on word problem solving in children with and without mathematical learning difficulties. PLoS ONE, 10(6), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130570.
Leonard, H. C. (2016). The impact of poor motor skills on perceptual, social and cognitive development: The case of developmental coordination disorder. Frontiers in Psychology, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00311.
Lindelauf, J., Reupert, A., & Jacobs, K. E. (2018). Teachers’ Use of Psycho-Educational Reports in Mainstream Classrooms. Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools, 28(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2018.
Liu, Y. (2019). Using reflections and questioning to engage and challenge online graduate learners in education. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 14(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z.
Mahmudul Haque, M. (2019). From Cognition, Metacognition to Autonomy: A Framework for Understanding Language Learning Dynamics. Arab World English Journal, 12(1), 207–222. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/efl1.15.
Maulyda, M. A., Rahmatih., A. N., Gunawan, G., Hidayati, V. R., & Erfan, M. (2020). Retroactive Thinking Interference of Grade VI Students: A Study on the Topics of PISA Literacy Lessons. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1471/1/012037.
Mohammadi, Kaykha, Sadeghi, Kazemi, & Raeisoon. (2015). Relationship of Metacognition Learning Strategy and Locus of Control with Academic Achievement of Students. Education Strategies in Medical Sciences, 8(5), 323–328. http://edcbmj.ir/article-1-892-en.pdf.
Morphew, J. W., Gladding, G. E., & Mestre, J. P. (2020). Effect of presentation style and problem-solving attempts on metacognition and learning from solution videos. Physical Review Physics Education Research, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.16.010104.
Mumpuni, A., & Nurpratiwiningsih, L. (2018). The Development Of A Web-Based Learning To Improveof A Creative Writing Abilityof Pgsd Students. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 37(2). https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v37i2.20009.
Naug, H. L., Colson, N. J., & Donner, D. (2016). Experiential Learning, Spatial Visualization and Metacognition: An Exercise with the “Blank Page” Technique for Learning Anatomy. Health Professions Education, 2(1), 51–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpe.2016.01.001.
Pei, L., & Wu, H. (2019). Does online learning work better than offline learning in undergraduate medical education ? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medical Education Online, 24(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2019.1666538.
Pourdavood, B. R., Mccarthy, K., & Mccafferty, T. (2015). The Impact of Mental Computation on Children ’ s Mathematical Communication , Problem Solving , Reasoning , and Algebraic Thinking. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 34(2), 1–13. https://www.athensjournals.gr/education/2018-2635-AJE-Pourdavood-02.pdf.
Pratiwi, M. (2020). Student Tutoring, Facilitator and Explaining Models: A Problem Solving Metacognition towards Learning Achievements of Informatics Students. Journal of Educational Sciences, 4(2), 368–379. https://jes.ejournal.unri.ac.id/index.php/JES/article/view/7459.
Purnamawati, P., & Saliruddin, S. (2017). The effectiveness of the use of metacognition-based industrial electronic learning tools in growing higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v7i2.13447.
Ray, S., & Ray, M. K. (2012). Incorporation of peer learning in first MBBS curriculum to enhance metacognition skills. Al Ameen J Med Sci, 5(4), 339–342. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Incorporation-of-peer-learning-in-first-MBBS-to-Ray-Ray/9dada98f0eac678ea1f245873428b2d242be1c00.
Rohendi, D., & Dulpaja, J. (2013). Connected Mathematics Project (CMP) Model Based on Presentation Media to the Mathematical Connection Ability of Junior High School Student. Journal of Education and Practice, 4(4). https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/view/4512.
Soliemanifar, Behroozi, & Moghaddam, S. (2015). Role of Personality Traits , Learning Styles and Metacognition in Predicting Critical Thinking of Undergraduate Students. Bimonthly of Education Strategies in Medical Sciences, 8(1), 59–67. http://edcbmj.ir/browse.php?a_id=769&sid=1&slc_lang=en.
Trenado, C., Boschheidgen, M., Rübenach, J., N’Diaye, K., Schnitzler, A., Mallet, L., & Wojtecki, L. (2018). Assessment of Metacognition and Reversal Learning in Parkinson’s Disease: Preliminary Results. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00343.
Tzohar-Rozen, M., & Kramarski, B. (2014). Metacognition, Motivation and Emotions: Contribution of Self-Regulated Learning to Solving Mathematical Problems. Global Education Review, 1(4). http://ger.mercy.edu/index.php/ger/article/view/63.
Valencia-Vallejo, N., López-Vargas, O., & Sanabria-Rodríguez, L. (2019). Effect of a metacognitive scaffolding on self-efficacy, metacognition, and achievement in e-learning environments. Knowledge Management and E-Learning, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel.2019.11.001.
Van Der Horst, C. A., & Albertyn, R. M. (2018). The importance of metacognition and the experiential learning process within a cultural intelligence–based approach to cross-cultural coaching. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v16i0.951.
Vinney, L. A., Friberg, J. C., & Smyers, M. (2018). Case-based Perspective-Taking as a Mechanism to Improve Metacognition and Higher-Level Thinking in Undergraduate Speech-Language Pathology Students. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 19(3). https://doi.org/10.14434/josotl.v19i2.24006.
Copyright (c) 2021 Mohammad Archi Maulyda, Lalu Hamdian Affandi, Vivi Rachmatul Hidayati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3)Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).