The Influence of Madrasah Culture on Student Discipline at an Islamic Junior High School in Makassar
Abstract
Madrasah culture encompasses the values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that are regularly patterned and reflect habits aimed at adapting to the environment, as well as the madrasah's perspective on problem-solving. These cultural elements are shaped through the institution's history and experience. This paper presents the findings of research that investigates the extent to which madrasah culture influences student discipline. The study employs an ex post facto design with a quantitative approach. The research sample consisted of students from a madrasah in Makassar City, selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate a significant influence of madrasah culture on student discipline. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening student discipline through the cultivation of madrasah culture, particularly within the context of the studied institution.
Abstrak:
Budaya madrasah mencakup nilai-nilai, keyakinan, sikap, dan perilaku yang terpolakan secara rutin, mencerminkan kebiasaan untuk beradaptasi dengan lingkungan, serta perspektif madrasah dalam memecahkan masalah. Elemen-elemen budaya ini terbentuk melalui sejarah dan pengalaman institusi tersebut. Artikel ini menyajikan hasil penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana budaya madrasah memengaruhi disiplin siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain ex post facto dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari siswa di sebuah madrasah di Kota Makassar, yang dipilih melalui teknik pengambilan sampel acak sederhana. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh budaya madrasah terhadap disiplin siswa. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya memperkuat disiplin siswa melalui budaya madrasah yang telah dibangun, khususnya dalam konteks institusi yang diteliti.
Downloads
References
Abdullah, M. (2019). School culture to serve performance of madrasah in Indonesia. Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 7(1), 71–100. https://doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v7i1.4572.
Achmad, J. P., Hidayat, S., & Pribadi, R. A. (2023). Strategi pengembangan karakter disiplin berbasis kultur sekolah. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 8(2), 2992–3010. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v8i2.10009.
Aisyah, F. N., & Nikmah, K. (2024). Budaya organisasi sekolah dalam pembentukan karakter peserta didik. Darul Ilmi: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam (DIJPAI), 2(1), 1–6. https://jurnal-kanwilsultra.id/index.php/DIJPAI.
Akram, H., Al-Adwan, A. S., Aslam, S., & Khan, M. I. (2023). Pedagogical practices and challenges in cultivating moral values: A qualitative study of primary school teachers in Pakistan. Education 3-13, 51(4), 607–619. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2021.1992471.
Alafi, M. F. (2023). Pengaruh budaya sekolah dalam meningkatkan disiplin diri siswa madrasah tsanawiyah Hasyim Asy’ari Kota Batu. UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/50346.
Alfansyur, A., & Andarusni. (2021). Peran budaya sekolah dalam pembentukan sikap disiplin siswa kelas X MAN 3 Kota Palembang. Jurnal Sikola: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 3(2), 126–131. https://doi.org/10.24036/sikola.v3i2.141.
Anshori, I. (2017). Penguatan pendidikan karakter di madrasah. Halaqa: Islamic Education Journal, 1(2), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.21070/halaqa.v1i2.1243.
Arselan, U. (2017). Hubungan pelaksanaan tata tertib sekolah dengan disiplin siswa di MAN 2 Palembang. Skripsi UIN Raden Fatah Palembang. http://repository.radenfatah.ac.id/id/eprint/12341.
Asih, P., & Sunarso, A. (2020). Implementation of character education to improve the students discipline through habituation of nadzam Asmaul Husna recitation at grade IV. Elementary School Teacher, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.15294/est.v3i1.28035.
Bali, M. M. E. I., & Fadli, M. F. S. (2019). Implementasi nilai-nilai pendidikan pesantren dalam meningkatkan ketahanan mental santri. PALAPA: Jurnal Studi Keislaman dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.36088/palapa.v7i1.164.
Benvenuti, M., Cangelosi, A., Weinberger, A., Mazzoni, E., Benassi, M., Barbaresi, M., & Orsoni, M. (2023). Artificial intelligence and human behavioral development: A perspective on new skills and competences acquisition for the educational contex. Computers in Human Behavior, 148.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.107903.
Blessinger, P., & Carfora, J. M. (2015). Inquiry-based learning for multidisciplinary programs: A conceptual and practical resource for educators. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2055-364120150000003014.
Chervel, A. (2016). Das Disciplinas à Cultura Escolar: o Caso do Ensino de Ortografia na Escola Primária. Calidoscopio, 14(1), 169–175. https://doi.org/10.4013/cld.2016.141.16.
Chikkatur, A. (2014). More than curriculum: the barriers to developing an anti-racist school culture at a middle school. Race Ethnicity and Education, 24(2), 213–231. https://doi.org/10.1080/13613324.2021.1924134.
Choiri, M. (2015). Makna school culture dan budaya mutu bagi stakeholder di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) Demangan Kota Madiun Tahun Pelajaran 2014-2015. Kodifikasi, 9(1), 147–170. https://doi.org/10.21154/kodifikasia.v9i1.464.
Dai, X., Zhao, X., Jin, P., Cai, X., Zhang, H., Yang, C., & Li, B. (2019). Opera-oriented character relations extraction for role interaction and behaviour Understanding: a deep learning approach. Behaviour & Information Technology, 38(9), 900–912. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2019.1584246.
Darkembayeva, A. B., Butabayeva, L. A., Urazaliyeva, M. A., Sultanova, M. S., & Konysbayeva, E. D. (2023). The development of moral values of school children with visual impairments folk music. Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research and Education, 23(2), 290–300. https://doi.org/10.15294/harmonia.v23i2.48118.
Dauenhauer, B., McMullen, J., Krause, J., Ha, T., Paulson, L., Becerrra, V., Pena, J., & Mieles, B. (2024). Promoting an Active School Culture: Tools, Resources, and Recognition. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 95(7), 8–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2024.2370785.
Dobson, J., & Dobson, T. (2021). Empowering student voice in a secondary school: Character Education through project-based learning with students as teachers. Teacher Development, 25(2), 103–119. https://doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2020.1865442.
Efianingrum, A. (2007). Kultur sekolah yang kondusif bagi pengembangan moral siswa. Jurnal Dinamika Pendidikan, 1. https://eprints.uny.ac.id/4802/1/KULTUR_SEKOLAH_YANG_KONDUSIF_BAGI_PENGEMBANGAN_MORAL.pdf.
Efianingrum, A. (2013). Kultur sekolah. Jurnal Pemikiran Sosiologi, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.22146/jps.v2i1.23404.
Ekowati, R. A. S. (2021). Penguatan karakter anak-anak melalui gerakan nasional revolusi mental (GNRM) di Desa Ketapang Baru Seluma Bengkulu. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kuliah Kerja Nyata (JIMAKUKERTA), 1(1), 85–89. http://jurnal.umb.ac.id/index.php/JIMAKUKERTA/article/view/2460/1681.
Endrimon, W., Rusdinal, Marsidin, S., & Zaim, M. (2019). Components engaged in the development of school culture in Padang Panjang State High School. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 314(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/314/1/012044.
Espinosa, V. F., & González, J. L. (2024). Virtues and values education in schools: a study in an international sample. Journal of Beliefs & Values, 45(1), 69–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/13617672.2022.2158018.
Fabes, R. A., Quick, M., Catherine, E., & Musgrave, A. (2024). Exclusionary discipline in U.S. public schools: A comparative examination of use in Pre-Kindergarten and K-12 grades. Educational Studies, 50(3), 299–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2021.1941782.
Fahmy, R., Bachtiar, N., Rahim, R., & Malik, M. (2015). Measuring Student Perceptions to Personal Characters Building in Education: An Indonesian Case in Implementing New Curriculum in High School. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, 851–858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.112.
Fakhrurrazi, F., Hamzah, H., Herryani, H., Suherlan, H., & Desy, D. (2022). Implementation of independence character education in madrasah. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 11(01). https://doi.org/10.30868/ei.v11i01.2274.
Febriyanto, B., Patimah, D. S., Rahayu, A. P., & Masitoh, E. I. (2020). Pendidikan karakter dan nilai kedisiplinan peserta didik di sekolah. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia, 3(1), 75–81. https://doi.org/10.31949/jee.v3i1.2107.
Fizi, R. M., Winarni, S., Guntur, & Hartanto, A. (2023). A Game Model in Physical Education to Improve Motor skills, Cooperation, and Discipline of Primary School Learners. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 27(6), 448–455. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0602.
Gregory, A., Osher, D., Bear, G. G., Jagers, R. J., & Sprague, J. R. (2021). Good intentions are not enough: Centering equity in school discipline reform. School Psychology Review, 50(2–3), 206–220. https://doi.org/10.1080/2372966X.2020.1861911.
Gunawan, H. (2012). Pendidikan karakter: Konsep dan implementasi. Alfabeta.
Hasbahuddin, & Rosmawati. (2019). Implementasi teknik pengelolaan diri untuk meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa. Konseling: Jurnal Ilmiah Bimbingan dan Konseling, 1(1), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.31960/konseling.v1i1.325.
Ihsan, M. Z. (2018). Peran konsep diri terhadap kedisiplinan siswa. Nalar: Jurnal Peradaban dan Pemikiran Islam, 2(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.23971/njppi.v2i1.915.
Inayati, I. N., Albar, M., Suwargianti, W., & Astuti, L. Y. (2020). Pengaruh lingkungan pesantren terhadap kedisiplinan siswa kelas XII Madrasah Aliyah Miftahul Huda. TARBIYATUNA: Kajian Pendidikan Islam, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.29062/tarbiyatuna.v4i1.304.
Khamalah, N. (2017). Penguatan pendidikan karakter di madrasah. Jurnal Kependidikan, 5(2), 200–215.
Kristiawan, M. (2016). Telaah revolusi mental dan pendidikan karakter dalam pembentukkan sumber daya manusia Indonesia yang pandai dan berakhlak mulia. Ta’dib, 18(1), 13–25. https://dx.doi.org/10.31958/jt.v18i1.274.
Krskova, H., Baumann, C., & Breyer, Y. A. (2024). Shaping individual competitiveness: The role of discipline, parental expectations, and participation in extracurricular activities. Heliyon, 10(10). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31042.
Kuriakose, J., & Jena, B. B. (2024). Poetry writing can enhance character formation in school students through the application of rational emotive behavior theory. Journal of Poetry Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1080/08893675.2024.2381624.
Kusdaryani, W., Purnamasari, I., & Damayani, A. T. (2016). Penguatan kultur sekolah untuk mewujudkan pendidikan ramah anak. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 35(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/cp.v1i1.8383.
Leijen, I., & Herk, H. van. (2025). Longitudinal analysis of the relation between changes in human values and social attitudes. Personality and Individual Differences, 236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2024.112994.
Mahsusi, Hudaa, S., Fahmi, M., Kusen, Haryanti, N. D., & Wajdi, M. B. N. (2024). Achieving excellence: The role of digital transformation in madrasah management and Islamic culture. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2024.2304407.
Maris, H., & Zamroni. (2019). Effect of school culture on students' emotional intelligence in SMPN 8 Yogyakarta. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(12), 2185–2188. https://www.ijstr.org/final-print/dec2019/Effect-Of-School-Culture-On-Students-Emotional-Intelligence-In-Smpn-8-Yogyakarta.pdf.
Marzuki, A., Ismail, I., & Anis, M. (2023). Pengaruh budaya madrasah terhadap karakter disiplin dan pembiasaan literasi Al-Quran. Jurnal Al-Ilmi: Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Islam, 4(1), 33–48. https://doi.org/10.47435/al-ilmi.v4i1.2245.
Masdar, M., Halim, H., & Zainuddin, R. (2016). Implementasi nilai karakter sebagai bagian revolusi mental dalam pembelajaran pendidikan IPS. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Himpunan Sarjana Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 1(1), 218–225. https://ojs.unm.ac.id/PSN-HSIS/article/view/2201.
Moran, E., Walsh, E., & Sloan, S. (2025). Promoting a restorative culture in schools: Insights from school leaders. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2024.100397.
Mujadidi, S. (2022). The discipline character building in MTs Nurul Ummah Kotagede Yogyakarta. International Conference of Learning on Advance Education (ICOLAE 2021), 795–799. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220503.083.
Mujiati, S. H. (2020). Pengaruh budaya madrasah terhadap kinerja guru di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Ma’arif NU 1 Karanggambas Kecamatan Padamara Kabupaten Purbalingga. Jurnal Cakrawala: Studi Manajemen Pendidikan Islam dan Studi Sosial, 4(2), 245–263. https://ejournal.iainu-kebumen.ac.id/index.php/cka/article/view/255.
Naum, M. (2018). Cultural ‘improvement’, discipline and mining in early modern Sápmi. Post-Medieval Archaeology, 52(1), 102–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2018.1461328.
Nizary, M. A., & Hamami, T. (2020). Budaya sekolah. Jurnal At-Tafkir: Jurnal Pendidikan, Hukum, dan Sosial Keagamaan, 13(2), 161–172. https://doi.org/10.32505/at.v13i2.1630.
Nursalim, M. (2013). Pengembangan media bimbingan dan konseling. Indeks.
Pantaléon, N., Chataigné, C., Bonardi, C., & Long, T. (2019). Human values priorities: effects of self-centredness and age. Journal of Beliefs & Values, 40(2), 172–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/13617672.2018.1554880.
Prabowo, Y. A. T., & Utami, R. D. (2019). Implementasi kultur sekolah alam untuk penguatan karakter religi dan disiplin di SD Muhammadiyah Alam Surya Mentari tahun 2018/2019. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Prisacariu, A., & Shah, M. (2016). Defining the quality of higher education around ethics and moral values. Quality in Higher Education, 22(2), 152–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/13538322.2016.1201931.
Purnama, E. K. (2015). Peningkatan sikap kedisiplinan siswa sekolah dasar melalui pemanfaatan media audio pendidikan karakter. Artikel Ilmiah, 45–58. https://doi.org/10.31800/jtp.kw.v3n1.p45--58.
Puteri, D. D. Y., & Prihatini, D. (2020). Rumusan visi misi dan konsistensinya terhadap kultur madrasah. Intelektiva: Jurnal Ekonomi, Sosial, & Humaniora, 2(2), 11–18. https://www.jurnalintelektiva.com/index.php/jurnal/article/view/273.
Puteri, P. S., & Roesminingsih, E. (2019). Pengaruh budaya sekolah terhadap sikap disiplin siswa SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Karang Pilang Surabaya. Inspirasi Manajemen Pendidikan, 7(1). https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/inspirasi-manajemen-pendidikan/article/view/27833.
Rachman, A., Putro, H. Y. S., Rusandi, M. A., & Situmorang, D. D. B. (2024). The development and validation of the “kuesioner tema proyek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila” (KT P5): A new tool for strengthening the Pancasila student profile in Indonesian pioneer schools. Heliyon, 10(16). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35912.
Reach, G. (2012). Two character traits associated with adherence to long term therapies. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 98(1), 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2012.06.008.
Rosadi, K. I. (2023). The effect of emotional intelligence, spiritual intelligence, and school culture on strengthening senior high school student’s character in Jambi Province. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2194564.
Sadowski, A. (2016). Creative character of religion in maintaining national identity among members of Belarusian ethic minority in Poland in democratic conditions. Creativity Studies, 9(2), 151–159. https://doi.org/10.3846/23450479.2016.1217436.
Sari, A. P., Pratiwi, P. H., & Martiana, A. (2019). Kultur sekolah dalam membentuk kedisiplinan siswa di SMA Angkasa Adi Sutjipto Yogyakarta. DIMENSIA: Jurnal Kajian Sosiologi, 8(2), 138–148. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/dimensia.v8i2.36368.
Sholekhah, F. (2019). Pendidikan karakter melalui revolusi mental di era disruptif. Modeling: Jurnal Program Studi PGMI, 6(1), 64–88. https://doi.org/10.36835/modeling.v6i1.343.
Sobri, M., Nursaptini, N., Widodo, A., & Sutisna, D. (2019). Pembentukan karakter disiplin siswa melalui kultur sekolah. Harmoni Sosial: Jurnal Pendidikan IPS, 6(1), 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/hsjpi.v6i1.26912.
Sudaryono, S., & Aryani, I. K. (2021). School policy in improving discipline character of elementary school students. Dinamika Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 13(2), 101–103. https://dx.doi.org/10.30595/dinamika.v13i2.11554.
Sudrajat, A., & Wibowo, A. (2013). Pembentukan karakter terpuji di sekolah dasar Muhammadiyah Condongcatur. Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter, 1(2), 174–185. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jpk.v2i2.1438.
Syaifudin, M., Zuriah, N., & Taufik, M. (2016). Revolusi mental melalui model pendidikan karakter bangsa untuk penguatan kemandirian pangan dan cinta produk Indonesia. Sosiohumanika, 9(2), 221–234. https://doi.org/10.2121/sosiohumanika.v9i2.728.
Titik, N. I. (2019). Pengembangan instrumen pengukuran disiplin siswa. Wiyata Dharma: Jurnal Penelitian dan Evaluasi Pendidikan, 7(1), 46–55. https://doi.org/10.30738/wd.v7i1.3733.
Tonbul, Y., & Ceylan, O. O. (2021). The school culture in the context of Hofstede’s culture classification: Investigation on aphorisms. Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 21(26), 104–125. https://doi.org/10.14689/enad.26.5.
Tu’u, T. (2004). Peran disiplin pada perilaku dan prestasi siswa. Grasindo.
Uliana, P. (2013). Implementasi pendidikan karakter melalui kultur sekolah pada siswa kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Gedangan Sidoarjo. Kajian Moral Dan Kewarganegaraan, 1(1), 165–179. https://doi.org/10.26740/kmkn.v1n1.p165-179.
Wagner, L., & Ruch, W. (2023). Displaying character strengths in behavior is related to well-being and achievement at school: Evidence from between- and within-person analyses. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 18(3), 460–480. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2022.2109196.
Wuryandani, W., Maftuh, B., & Budimansyah, D. (2014). Pendidikan karakter disiplin di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 33(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/cp.v2i2.2168.
Copyright (c) 2024 Umar Sulaiman, Hamsiah Djafar, Mihrani, Chaerul Mundzir
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3)Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).